Improved Bat Algorithm Based on Multipopulation Strategy of Island Model for Solving Global Function Optimization Problem

Table 5

Performance comparison results under seven algorithms.

Function	Optimization method	Optimal solution	Average	Standard deviation
	IBA	3.4364E − 08	3.3842E − 01	6.7955E − 01
	SBA	3.0580E − 09	3.0762E − 08	3.0405E − 08
	LBA	4.4310E − 08	1.0789E − 07	5.6368E − 08
	CBA	2.9439E − 20	1.3670E − 15	3.1453E − 15
	SBAS	4.2826E − 09	9.0180E − 03	2.7054E − 02
	LBAS	9.1300E − 09	4.8765E − 08	2.9546E − 08
	CBAS	3.3146E − 09	2.0426E − 08	1.4284E − 08
	IBA	6.6230E − 08	5.9714E − 02	1.7914E − 01
	SBA	7.3645E − 08	8.5002E − 03	1.2582E − 02
	LBA	2.1114E − 07	9.9413E − 03	2.4116E − 02
	CBA	2.2553E − 08	1.9696E − 08	1.3041E − 08
	SBAS	3.3806E − 08	6.1948E − 08	1.8490E − 08
	LBAS	6.3657E − 08	1.0919E − 07	2.4972E − 08
	CBAS	1.8559E − 08	6.6582E − 02	1.9975E − 01
	IBA	2.3169	2.9481	0.4250
	SBA	0.0009	1.9313	0.8860
	LBA	1.1552	2.1514	0.6486
	CBA	1.1551	2.3774	0.5599
	SBAS	2.0133	2.3912	0.3715
	LBAS	2.3169	2.8544	0.4626
	CBAS	1.6462	2.7592	0.7613
	IBA	5.9699	15.5719	13.7849
	SBA	3.9899	9.9497	5.6459
	LBA	7.9598	13.4321	3.3074
	CBA	3.9798	12.8350	6.8421
	SBAS	3.9800	7.2633	2.3566
	LBAS	5.9699	8.5568	1.7909
	CBAS	4.9748	19.5561	16.6536
	IBA	3.8782E − 08	4.4456E − 01	9.5610E − 01
	SBA	5.8307E − 09	1.1123E − 04	2.9158E − 04
	LBA	8.6362E − 08	1.1877E − 02	2.3393E − 02
	CBA	1.0664E − 19	3.4219E − 17	6.0237E − 17
	SBAS	1.3461E − 08	5.0505E − 08	2.2872E − 08
	LBAS	2.8347E − 08	1.7624E − 01	5.2873E − 01
	CBAS	3.2492E − 09	2.5676E − 08	1.5720E − 08
	IBA	−0.0916	−0.8837	0.3961
	SBA	−1.0833	−1.0833	0.0000
	LBA	−1.0833	−1.0833	0.0000
	CBA	−1.0833	−1.0833	0.0000
	SBAS	−0.6009	−1.0315	0.2153
	LBAS	1.0416	−0.7575	0.8996
	CBAS	0.2604	−0.8475	0.5539
	IBA	3.8153E − 09	1.3534E − 01	1.2480E − 01
	SBA	1.8240E − 10	2.9037E − 02	5.6482E − 02
	LBA	1.3140E − 08	2.0437E − 02	2.1852E − 02
	CBA	2.1564E − 31	1.9632E − 02	2.5663E − 02
	SBAS	1.2837E − 10	2.4524E − 02	2.0517E − 02
	LBAS	1.4992E − 09	1.3792E − 01	1.4911E − 01
	CBAS	1.3498E − 32	1.3242E − 01	1.9408E − 01
	IBA	0.0003	0.0090	0.0159
	SBA	0.0003	0.0016	0.0026
	LBA	0.0003	0.0033	0.0073
	CBA	0.0003	0.0006	0.0003
	SBAS	0.0003	0.0003	5.6425E − 05
	LBAS	0.0005	0.0028	0.0029
	CBAS	0.0003	0.0007	0.0005
	IBA	−3.3220	−3.0019	0.9602
	SBA	−3.3220	−2.8942	0.6939
	LBA	−3.3220	−3.0492	0.7143
	CBA	−3.2031	−3.2507	0.0582
	SBAS	−3.2031	−3.2863	0.0545
	LBAS	−3.2031	−3.2863	0.0545
	CBAS	−3.2031	−3.2982	0.0476
	IBA	−5.1285	−4.2011	1.8551
	SBA	−5.1285	−5.1285	3.6134E − 07
	LBA	−5.1285	−4.8311	0.8920
	CBA	−5.1285	−5.1285	4.5201E − 15
	SBAS	−5.1285	−5.1285	1.5732E − 07
	LBAS	−5.1285	−2.8510	1.9806
	CBAS	−5.1285	−5.1285	5.7559E − 08