| | Initialize the dragonflies population Xi (i = 1, 2, …, n) |
| | Initialize step vectors Xi (i = 1, 2, …, n) |
| | Define the maximum number of hyperspheres (segments). Define the archive size |
| | while the end condition is not satisfied |
| | Calculate the objective values of all dragonflies |
| | Find the nondominated solutions |
| | Update the archive with respect to the obtained nondominated solutions |
| | If the archive is full |
| | Run the archive maintenance mechanism to omit |
| | one of the current archive members Add the new |
| | the solution to the archive |
| | End if |
| | If any of the new added solutions to the archive is |
| | located outside the hyperspheres |
| | Update and reposition all of the hyperspheres to cover the new solution(s) |
| | End if |
| | Select a food source from the archive: = |
| | SelectFood (archive) |
| | Select an enemy from archive: = SelectEnemy (archive) |
| | Update step vectors using equation (8) |
| | Update position vectors using equation (9) |
| | Check and correct the new positions based on the |
| | boundaries of variables |
| | End while |
