Construction Project Safety Performance Management Using Analytic Network Process (ANP) as a Multicriteria Decision-Making (MCDM) Tool

Table 3

FAII (%) values and ranking of safety attributes by ANP.

CODE	Name	FAII	Rank 1	ANP	Rank 2↓
C2H1	Lack of company’s safety policy	0.28753	19	0.271236	1
C2H2	Insufficient safety training	0.40116	1	0.080684	2
C10H2	Failure in enforcing, motivating, and training workers to use PPE	0.32259	7	0.074344	3
C1H2	No housekeeping (scattered garbage and material, dusts, excessive noise, vibration, etc.)	0.33981	5	0.054578	4
C2H3	Insufficient safety motivation and incentives	0.39506	2	0.052904	5
C9H3	Failure to use required PPE (fall arrest systems) and safety nets	0.34568	4	0.051955	6
C2H4	Negative management attitude to safety	0.38752	3	0.03552	7
C9H2	Falling of hand tools and other materials	0.32693	6	0.032775	8
C14H2	Failure to locate underground services and to take precautionary measures	0.31173	11	0.031273	9
C11H2	Failure in enforcing traffic regulations (seat belt, speed limit, license, and training)	0.30476	13	0.0285	10
C13H4	Failure in storage of flammable liquids and combustible materials	0.31005	12	0.027115	11
C6H3	Lack of safe working load indicator/inspection stickers/latches/barricades	0.31981	8	0.02209	12
C9H1	Failure to place adequate barriers and warning signs for open edges and holes	0.31855	9	0.019644	13
C4H2	Lack of special PPE (personal protective equipment), such as face shield, special gloves, and goggles for welding/cutting	0.31741	10	0.019333	14
C7H1	Unsafe installation of the temporary power (old, damaged, and wrong rating of panels, sockets, wires, etc.)	0.2758	24	0.018633	15
C8H3	Use or operation by untrained and unauthorized operators (lack of training system)	0.29729	15	0.01509	16
C10H1	Failure to provide appropriate and adequate personal protective equipment for workers (head, eye, face, hand, foot, and hearing protection)	0.28235	20	0.014869	17
C13H3	Fire extinguishers are not enough, not in proper locations, not accessible, and not regularly maintained	0.29127	17	0.014117	18
C14H3	Lack of proper barriers/warning signs/lights for the excavation	0.28929	18	0.01344	19
C3H2	Unsafe storage/stacking of materials and exceeding safe loading limits	0.29321	16	0.012805	20
C1H1	Insufficient working spaces/wrong site layout/no access/no lights	0.28045	22	0.012462	21
C7H2	Failure to apply access limit, lockout tag-out, permit system, and signage systems	0.26612	26	0.011738	22
C12H3	Inadequate scaffolding stability (guardrails, toe boards, secured ties, etc.)	0.2809	21	0.009772	23
C9H4	Unsafe access to high places by damaged ladders, lifts, etc.	0.30041	14	0.008982	24
C7H3	Lack of inspection for the electric tools, cables, and equipment	0.26452	27	0.007395	25
C6H2	Lack of licensed trained riggers and operators	0.27984	23	0.005696	26
C1H3	Insufficient food, drinking water, toilets, rest shelters, and medical facilities	0.26155	29	0.005691	27
C13H2	Failure in controlling of ignition sources and fire watches, fire blankets, etc.	0.26296	28	0.005473	28
C5H1	Failure to perform form works under the supervision of a competent person	0.21498	39	0.005426	29
C12H4	Failure to provide safe access against slipping, sliding, or falling	0.27511	25	0.005256	30
C11H1	Vehicles (buses/pickups/trucks/others) are in bad condition and do not have regular maintenance/first aid equipment/fire extinguishers/lights	0.25774	31	0.00475	31
C4H3	Welders without training, license, and certificates	0.2516	34	0.003663	32
C14H1	Wrong procedures (with slab, timber, trench, boxes, shoring, lining, etc.)	0.25274	33	0.003465	33
C8H2	Use of tools other than its intended use	0.24863	35	0.00301	34
C13H1	Lack of fire extinguishing training, escape plans, and drills	0.25591	32	0.002861	35
C5H2	Use of weak and deformed forms	0.19334	42	0.002713	36
C6H1	Unavailability of a safe lift plan on-site	0.25873	30	0.002448	37
C3H1	Lack of proper planning and workforce for storage	0.20988	40	0.001829	38
C12H2	Lack of proper design, workmanship, and regular inspections	0.23285	36	0.001809	39
C8H1	Tools are in bad condition with no regular inspection	0.21674	38	0.001801	40
C4H1	Failure in handling, inspection, and maintenance of equipment (cylinders, machines, hoses, and cables)	0.19444	41	0.00162	41
C12H1	Use of defective and worn fasteners, components, settings, and material in scaffolding system	0.23167	37	0.001233	42