A Hybrid Pathfinder Optimizer for Unconstrained and Constrained Optimization Problems

Table 25

Comparison of statistical results obtained from various algorithms for the tension compression spring problem.

Methods	Mean	SD	Best	Worst	FEs
HPFA	0.012727	7.707958E − 05	0.012667	0.013018	22000
WCA	0.012746	8.060000E − 05	0.012665	0.012952	11750
CPSO	0.012730	5.200000E − 04	0.012674	0.012924	240000
GA3	0.012742	5.900000E − 05	0.012681	0.012973	80000