Research Article

Dynamic Multi-Swarm Differential Learning Quantum Bird Swarm Algorithm and Its Application in Random Forest Classification Model

Table 11

Comparison of numerical testing results on CEC2014 test sets (F16F30, Dim = 10).

FunctionTermBSADEDMSDL-PSODMSDL-BSADMSDL-QBSA

F16Max1.6044E + 031.6044E + 031.6046E + 031.6044E + 031.6046E + 03
Min1.6034E + 031.6041E + 031.6028E + 031.6021E + 031.6019E + 03
Mean1.6034E + 031.6041E + 031.6032E + 031.6024E + 031.6024E + 03
Var3.3300E − 023.5900E − 022.5510E − 013.7540E − 013.6883E − 01

F17Max1.3711E + 071.6481E + 063.3071E + 074.6525E + 078.4770E + 06
Min1.2526E + 054.7216E + 052.7261E + 032.0177E + 032.0097E + 03
Mean1.6342E + 054.8499E + 058.7769E + 043.1084E + 042.1095E + 04
Var2.0194E + 052.9949E + 041.2284E + 068.7638E + 052.0329E + 05

F18Max7.7173E + 073.5371E + 076.1684E + 081.4216E + 086.6050E + 08
Min4.1934E + 032.6103E + 062.2743E + 031.8192E + 031.8288E + 03
Mean1.6509E + 043.4523E + 061.2227E + 061.0781E + 051.9475E + 05
Var7.9108E + 051.4888E + 062.1334E + 073.6818E + 061.0139E + 07

F19Max1.9851E + 032.5657E + 032.0875E + 031.9872E + 031.9555E + 03
Min1.9292E + 032.4816E + 031.9027E + 031.9023E + 031.9028E + 03
Mean1.9299E + 032.4834E + 031.9044E + 031.9032E + 031.9036E + 03
Var1.0820E + 003.8009E + 001.1111E + 013.3514E + 001.4209E + 00

F20Max8.3021E + 062.0160E + 071.0350E + 076.1162E + 071.2708E + 08
Min5.6288E + 031.7838E + 062.1570E + 032.0408E + 032.0241E + 03
Mean1.2260E + 041.8138E + 065.6957E + 031.1337E + 044.5834E + 04
Var1.0918E + 055.9134E + 051.3819E + 056.4167E + 052.1988E + 06

F21Max2.4495E + 061.7278E + 092.0322E + 061.3473E + 072.6897E + 07
Min4.9016E + 031.4049E + 093.3699E + 032.1842 E + 032.2314E + 03
Mean6.6613E + 031.4153E + 099.9472E + 031.3972E + 047.4587E + 03
Var4.1702E + 042.2557E + 073.3942E + 042.5098E + 052.8735E + 05

F22Max2.8304E + 034.9894E + 033.1817E + 033.1865E + 033.2211E + 03
Min2.5070E + 034.1011E + 032.3492E + 032.2442E + 032.2314E + 03
Mean2.5081E + 034.1175E + 032.3694E + 032.2962E + 032.2687E + 03
Var5.4064E + 003.8524E + 014.3029E + 014.8006E + 015.1234E + 01

F23Max2.8890E + 032.6834E + 032.8758E + 033.0065E + 032.9923E + 03
Min2.5000E + 032.6031E + 032.4870E + 032.5000E + 032.5000E + 03
Mean2.5004E + 032.6088E + 032.5326E + 032.5010E + 032.5015E + 03
Var9.9486E + 008.6432E + 005.7045E + 011.4213E + 011.7156E + 01

F24Max2.6293E + 032.6074E + 032.6565E + 032.6491E + 032.6369E + 03
Min2.5816E + 032.6049E + 032.5557E + 032.5246E + 032.5251E + 03
Mean2.5829E + 032.6052E + 032.5671E + 032.5337E + 032.5338E + 03
Var1.3640E + 003.3490E − 018.9434E + 001.3050E + 011.1715E + 01

F25Max2.7133E + 032.7014E + 032.7445E + 032.7122E + 032.7327E + 03
Min2.6996E + 032.7003E + 032.6784E + 032.6789E + 032.6635E + 03
Mean2.6996E + 032.7004E + 032.6831E + 032.6903E + 032.6894E + 03
Var2.3283E − 019.9333E − 024.9609E + 007.1175E + 001.2571E + 01

F26Max2.7056E + 032.8003E + 032.7058E + 032.7447E + 032.7116E + 03
Min2.7008E + 032.8000E + 032.7003E + 032.7002E + 032.7002E + 03
Mean2.7010E + 032.8000E + 032.7005E + 032.7003E + 032.7003E + 03
Var3.1316E − 011.6500E − 023.9700E − 011.1168E + 003.5003E − 01

F27Max3.4052E + 035.7614E + 033.3229E + 033.4188E + 033.4144E + 03
Min2.9000E + 033.9113E + 032.9698E + 032.8347E + 032.7054E + 03
Mean2.9038E + 034.0351E + 032.9816E + 032.8668E + 032.7219E + 03
Var3.2449E + 012.0673E + 023.4400E + 016.2696E + 016.1325E + 01

F28Max4.4333E + 035.4138E + 034.5480E + 034.3490E + 034.8154E + 03
Min3.0000E + 034.0092E + 033.4908E + 033.0000E + 033.0000E + 03
Mean3.0079E + 034.0606E + 033.6004E + 033.0063E + 033.0065E + 03
Var6.8101E + 019.2507E + 018.5705E + 014.2080E + 015.3483E + 01

F29Max2.5038E + 071.6181E + 085.9096E + 077.0928E + 076.4392E + 07
Min3.2066E + 031.0014E + 083.1755E + 033.1005E + 033.3287E + 03
Mean5.7057E + 041.0476E + 088.5591E + 046.8388E + 042.8663E + 04
Var4.9839E + 056.7995E + 061.7272E + 061.5808E + 068.6740E + 05

F30Max5.2623E + 052.8922E + 071.1938E + 061.2245E + 061.1393E + 06
Min5.9886E + 031.9017E + 073.7874E + 033.6290E + 033.6416E + 03
Mean7.4148E + 032.0002E + 075.5468E + 034.3605E + 034.1746E + 03
Var1.1434E + 041.1968E + 063.2255E + 042.2987E + 041.8202E + 04