A Multistakeholder Approach to the Airport Gate Assignment Problem: Application of Fuzzy Theory for Optimal Performance Indicator Selection

Table 3

Performance indicators for AGAP.

Performance criterion	Performance indicator	Source	Notes
Passenger-oriented objectives	Passenger walking time	[6, 7]
	Average passenger walking distance	[3–5]
	Baggage transit distance	[9, 10]
	Passenger waiting time	[11, 12]
	Estimated passenger transit time	[13]
Airport/airline-oriented objectives	Number of flights assigned to remote gates	[14–17]	Or known as un-gated flight in some research papers
	Daily towing moves	[13, 18, 19]
	Total flight delay	[20]
	Taxiing time	[21, 22]
	Aircraft waiting time (for a gate)	[9, 10]
	Number of consecutive flights	[24]	Number of arriving flights and the subsequent departing flights assigned to the same gate, if served by the same aircraft
	Total flight-gate preferences	[15, 25]
	Fuel consumption of taxiing operations	[8]
	Number of passengers at gates close to shopping facilities	[26]
	Aircraft gate size compatibility	[23]
	Number of departing flights assigned close to the target airline VIP lounges	[24]
	Number of flights assigned close to customs	[24]
Robustness-oriented objectives	Variance of the idle time	[29–31]
	Absolute deviation of new gate assignment from a reference schedule	[9, 16]
	Expected gate conflicts	[20]
	Idle time	[28]