A New Initialization Approach in Particle Swarm Optimization for Global Optimization Problems

Table 3

Results of Student’s T-test for all techniques.

F#	Iter	DIM	WE-PSO vs. PSO		WE-PSO vs. SO-PSO		WE-PSO vs. H-PSO
			T-value	Sig	T-value	Sig	T-value	Sig
1	1000	10	+1.02	WE-PSO	+0.99	WE-PSO	+0.75	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+1.00	WE-PSO	+0.48	WE-PSO	−0.83	H-PSO
	3000	30	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
2	1000	10	+30.71	WE-PSO	+15.67	WE-PSO	+1.21	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+8.82	WE-PSO	+107.56	WE-PSO	+11.13	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.63	WE-PSO	+34.29	WE-PSO	+0.65	WE-PSO
3	1000	10	+099	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+0.83	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+263.14	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+1.00	WE-PSO	+525.29	WE-PSO	+0.93	WE-PSO
4	1000	10	+0.19	WE-PSO	+0.99	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+0.99	WE-PSO	+0.84	WE-PSO	−0.98	H-PSO
	3000	30	+0.86	WE-PSO	+0.26	WE-PSO	+0.97	WE-PSO
5	1000	10	+0.79	WE-PSO	+0.44	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+0.29	WE-PSO	+0.57	WE-PSO	+263.14	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.06	WE-PSO	+2622.44	WE-PSO	+0.96	WE-PSO
6	1000	10	+0.80	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO	+0.17	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+0.86	WE-PSO	+0.96	WE-PSO	+0.96	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.99	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO	+0.89	WE-PSO
7	1000	10	+0.90	WE-PSO	+0.95	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
8	1000	10	+0.75	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO	+0.55	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+483.97	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+0.91	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+1.41	WE-PSO	−6.89	SO-PSO	+522.24	WE-PSO
9	1000	10	+53.67	WE-PSO	−3.00	SO-PSO	+82.30	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+84.84	WE-PSO	+33.46	WE-PSO	+16.08	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+470.01	WE-PSO	+390.54	WE-PSO	+416.26	WE-PSO
10	1000	10	+1.00	WE-PSO	+0.84	WE-PSO	+0.67	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+1.00	WE-PSO	+0.81	WE-PSO	+0.89	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+1.00	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO	+0.95	WE-PSO
11	1000	10	+0.97	WE-PSO	+1.92	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.87	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
12	1000	10	+0.91	WE-PSO	+0.58	WE-PSO	+0.27	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+2.26	WE-PSO	+1.08	WE-PSO	+0.27	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+1.84	WE-PSO	+2.25	WE-PSO	+2.41	WE-PSO
13	1000	10	+0.98	WE-PSO	+0.48	WE-PSO	+0.84	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+0.72	WE-PSO	+0.78	WE-PSO	+0.98	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.11	WE-PSO	+0.39	WE-PSO	+0.86	WE-PSO
14	1000	10	+0.57	WE-PSO	+0.15	WE-PSO	+0.82	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+0.151	WE-PSO	+1.49	WE-PSO	+1.50	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.90	WE-PSO	+1.32	WE-PSO	+1.32	WE-PSO
15	1000	10	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO
	2000	20	+1.00	WE-PSO	−0.50	SO-PSO	+0.99	WE-PSO
	3000	30	+0.83	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO	+1.00	WE-PSO