Forecast of E-Commerce Transactions Trend Using Integration of Enhanced Whale Optimization Algorithm and Support Vector Machine

Table 3

Achievement of convergence results.

Test function	Algorithm	Average result	Best result	Worst result
f1	PSO	0.1083	5.51e − 07	2.41
	CSA	2.49e − 04	4.54e − 06	9.01e − 04
	WOA	1.49e − 72	6.38e − 85	4.34e − 71
	EWOA	1.51e − 266	8.82e − 313	4.52e − 265
f2	PSO	24.66	2.38e − 02	373.84
	CSA	0.16	2.70e − 03	1.75
	WOA	3.98e − 09	3.95e − 11	4.72e − 06
	EWOA	1.56e − 217	1.89e − 248	4.46e − 216
f3	PSO	0.81	4.98e − 02	3.09
	CSA	6.85e − 02	1.90e − 03	0.81
	WOA	5.54e − 51	7.70e − 59	1.01e − 49
	EWOA	1.50e − 154	2.38e − 173	4.49e − 153
f4	PSO	0.31	6.74e − 02	0.75
	CSA	0.17	4.79e − 02	0.47
	WOA	5.8e − 03	0	0.17
	EWOA	0	0	0
f5	PSO	15.52	7.96	28.85
	CSA	9.25	3.97	17.90
	WOA	3.78e − 15	0	5.68e − 14
	EWOA	0	0	0