Research Article
Novel Crow Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Selection Approach for Optimal Deep Learning COVID-19 Diagnostic Model
Table 10
Applying CSO results to evaluate the deep learning algorithms (first dataset).
| Algorithm | AUC | CAR | F1-score | Precision | Recall | FPR | PPV | NPV | MSE | Final result |
| The results of the first dataset | ResNet50 | 1317.77 | 1404.60 | 1017.64 | 936.64 | 824.20 | 711.77 | 537.50 | 390.20 | 0.82 | 5715.99 | DarkNet | 1174.64 | 1307.39 | 957.15 | 869.42 | 742.66 | 643.42 | 498.72 | 354.63 | 1.45 | 5259.72 | GoogleNet | 1262.75 | 1387.56 | 1005.62 | 941.65 | 835.05 | 696.11 | 538.99 | 390.16 | 0.93 | 5664.74 | MobileNetV2 | 1240.69 | 1357.00 | 986.16 | 869.84 | 805.39 | 643.03 | 507.89 | 376.23 | 0.80 | 5499.36 | Xception | 1090.73 | 1184.53 | 843.67 | 803.34 | 693.35 | 605.69 | 443.13 | 315.73 | 1.98 | 4766.83 | VGG19 | 1165.93 | 1295.87 | 947.92 | 808.25 | 867.02 | 643.03 | 498.30 | 353.94 | 1.71 | 5292.50 | VGG16 | 1181.02 | 1230.76 | 902.49 | 824.32 | 736.35 | 612.11 | 476.80 | 332.82 | 1.64 | 5070.82 | InceptionV3 | 920.32 | 1013.29 | 728.85 | 693.84 | 601.52 | 493.12 | 387.91 | 275.79 | 1.16 | 4127.24 | ResNet34 | 1314.28 | 1393.09 | 905.08 | 827.56 | 742.28 | 702.92 | 537.44 | 389.21 | 0.88 | 5405.14 | CNNs | 1269.72 | 1353.77 | 937.46 | 913.89 | 814.47 | 676.07 | 524.22 | 375.14 | 1.20 | 5511.41 | DNN | 1210.49 | 1310.92 | 914.30 | 872.34 | 793.81 | 657.28 | 501.28 | 357.62 | 1.33 | 5302.16 | SAE | 1166.94 | 1261.47 | 898.78 | 885.91 | 759.24 | 633.87 | 500.09 | 359.70 | 1.24 | 5197.02 | InceptionResNetV2 | 1243.59 | 1350.70 | 968.39 | 914.83 | 780.65 | 674.35 | 525.41 | 369.43 | 2.06 | 5476.59 | LSTM | 1281.04 | 1390.47 | 993.69 | 931.63 | 824.48 | 680.38 | 536.85 | 379.38 | 2.02 | 5655.16 | NASNet-Large | 1151.99 | 1230.30 | 888.21 | 813.26 | 724.31 | 593.95 | 473.46 | 359.00 | 1.66 | 5044.91 |
| The results of the second dataset | ResNet50 | 1293.48 | 1290.40 | 1124.24 | 1041.93 | 725.85 | 664.05 | 463.27 | 451.61 | 1.12 | 5725.61 | DarkNet | 1170.09 | 1219.87 | 1075.52 | 967.16 | 681.18 | 628.43 | 434.35 | 412.17 | 1.55 | 5330.35 | GoogleNet | 1206.24 | 1256.51 | 1094.34 | 1001.61 | 704.01 | 640.08 | 434.98 | 421.77 | 1.22 | 5478.14 | MobileNetV2 | 1182.90 | 1235.80 | 1085.06 | 991.85 | 690.69 | 633.73 | 444.22 | 416.07 | 0.97 | 5411.87 | Xception | 1207.23 | 1178.16 | 1032.60 | 940.36 | 665.37 | 603.64 | 419.26 | 404.87 | 1.26 | 5242.96 | VGG19 | 1198.55 | 1230.58 | 1092.53 | 969.39 | 685.48 | 622.23 | 435.71 | 406.12 | 0.95 | 5395.18 | VGG16 | 1299.88 | 1302.85 | 1143.83 | 1036.29 | 735.86 | 664.35 | 465.30 | 439.91 | 0.79 | 5758.79 | InceptionV3 | 1027.64 | 1091.12 | 951.28 | 863.71 | 610.77 | 559.06 | 377.61 | 374.17 | 1.43 | 4735.81 | ResNet34 | 1286.79 | 1277.51 | 1114.57 | 975.39 | 721.55 | 653.60 | 456.17 | 381.32 | 0.99 | 5558.71 | CNNs | 1213.79 | 1211.47 | 1071.01 | 970.45 | 676.38 | 615.29 | 432.05 | 413.67 | 1.03 | 5372.49 | DNN | 1166.39 | 1209.30 | 1061.60 | 977.15 | 679.36 | 620.67 | 427.72 | 414.17 | 1.72 | 5313.30 | SAE | 1182.62 | 1200.61 | 1055.16 | 945.53 | 672.32 | 611.11 | 424.69 | 406.87 | 1.61 | 5275.07 | InceptionResNetV2 | 1257.76 | 1279.54 | 1126.81 | 1019.94 | 714.93 | 653.60 | 459.61 | 437.26 | 1.43 | 5640.84 | LSTM | 1173.23 | 1205.53 | 1061.08 | 970.80 | 687.38 | 618.05 | 430.90 | 396.17 | 2.05 | 5305.00 | NASNet-Large | 1154.30 | 1192.64 | 1037.24 | 942.94 | 667.44 | 607.15 | 426.36 | 410.77 | 1.28 | 5223.26 |
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