Novel Crow Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Selection Approach for Optimal Deep Learning COVID-19 Diagnostic Model

Table 6

Multimodal benchmark functions.

Name	CSO		GWO		HHO
	AV	STD	AV	STD	AV	STD
Ackley	8.8818E − 16	4.01173E − 31	8.8818E − 16	4.01173E − 31	−8.8818E − 16	0
Quartic	0.031253333	0.018374115	0.000971688	0.000902519	0.000445553	0.000297211
6-Hump Camel	−1.0316	6.77522E − 16	−1.031628448	4.31084E − 09	−1.0316	0
Branin	0.3979	0	0.397887852	5.97628E − 07	0.397946667	9.81495E − 05
Goldstein	3	0	3.000007881	9.28286E − 06	3	0
Hart3	−3.8628	3.16177E − 15	−3.8620812	0.001938044	−3.854683333	0.008125864
Hert6	−3.3224	1.35504E − 15	−3.264253912	0.099876517	−2.9311	0.07435459
Ackley3	−195.629	5.78152E − 14	−195.6290282	2.8506E − 08	−186.4112	0
Bohachevskyn N. 2	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bird	−106.7645	7.2269E − 14	−106.1160683	3.551734418	−106.7645	−106.7645
Cross_in_Tiny	−2.06261	0	−2.062611869	3.30268E − 09	−2.0626	0
Easom	−1	0	−1	0	−0.99998	8.16497E − 06
Keane	−0.6737	1.1292E − 16	−0.6737	1.1292E − 16	−0.67367	0
Holder	−19.2085	3.61345E − 15	−19.20849251	8.17787E − 06	−19.2085	0
Michalewics	−1.8013	6.77522E − 16	−1.8013	6.77522E − 16	−1.8013	0