Myoelectric Pattern Recognition Performance Enhancement Using Nonlinear Features

Table 1

The EMG pattern recognition performances of different feature extraction methods.

	Parameter	Classifier	FS1	FS2	FS3	FS4	Proposed
Dataset 1	Accuracy	LDA	96.79 ± 1.00	96.27 ± 0.88	96.21 ± 0.92	96.03 ± 1.05	97.79 ± 0.52
		SVM	95.73 ± 0.93	95.14 ± 1.06	95.53 ± 0.93	95.66 ± 1.02	97.52 ± 0.56
		KNN	94.94 ± 1.04	94.39 ± 1.12	94.95 ± 0.98	95.25 ± 1.15	97.23 ± 0.63
	Sensitivity	LDA	83.96 ± 4.98	81.36 ± 4.38	81.03 ± 4.60	80.15 ± 5.25	88.97 ± 2.58
		SVM	78.65 ± 4.67	75.70 ± 5.30	77.63 ± 4.64	78.30 ± 5.08	87.62 ± 2.80
		KNN	74.71 ± 5.19	71.94 ± 5.60	74.74 ± 4.90	76.24 ± 5.77	86.16 ± 3.13
	Specificity	LDA	98.22 ± 0.55	97.93 ± 0.49	97.89 ± 0.51	97.79 ± 0.58	98.77 ± 0.29
		SVM	97.63 ± 0.52	97.30 ± 0.59	97.51 ± 0.52	97.59 ± 0.56	98.46 ± 0.35
		KNN	97.19 ± 0.58	96.88 ± 0.62	97.19 ± 0.54	97.36 ± 0.64	98.62 ± 0.31
	Precision	LDA	85.24 ± 4.72	82.41 ± 4.28	82.55 ± 4.49	81.41 ± 4.32	89.95 ± 2.53
		SVM	79.42 ± 5.00	77.11 ± 5.13	78.83 ± 4.81	79.61 ± 5.35	88.47 ± 2.77
		KNN	75.96 ± 5.19	73.59 ± 5.40	76.27 ± 4.69	77.74 ± 5.58	87.03 ± 3.11
	F1 score	LDA	83.49 ± 5.13	80.56 ± 4.57	80.58 ± 4.69	79.41 ± 5.59	88.55 ± 2.72
		SVM	78.08 ± 4.84	75.06 ± 5.41	76.97 ± 4.83	77.71 ± 5.32	87.26 ± 2.88
		KNN	74.22 ± 5.26	71.38 ± 5.64	74.26 ± 4.94	75.74 ± 5.91	85.77 ± 3.24
Dataset 2	Accuracy	LDA	97.18 ± 0.94	96.73 ± 0.93	96.69 ± 1.07	95.78 ± 1.08	98.36 ± 0.45
		SVM	96.58 ± 0.97	96.00 ± 0.85	95.88 ± 1.00	95.32 ± 1.29	98.07 ± 0.59
		KNN	96.00 ± 1.08	95.54 ± 0.96	95.47 ± 1.24	94.85 ± 1.41	97.97 ± 0.66
	Sensitivity	LDA	85.88 ± 4.72	83.66 ± 4.66	83.43 ± 5.34	78.88 ± 5.40	91.78 ± 2.25
		SVM	82.88 ± 4.86	80.01 ± 4.24	79.42 ± 4.99	76.60 ± 6.44	90.34 ± 2.96
		KNN	80.06 ± 5.38	77.69 ± 4.80	77.34 ± 6.20	74.25 ± 7.04	89.83 ± 3.28
	Specificity	LDA	98.43 ± 0.52	98.18 ± 0.52	98.16 ± 0.59	97.65 ± 0.60	99.09 ± 0.25
		SVM	98.10 ± 0.54	97.78 ± 0.47	97.71 ± 0.55	97.40 ± 0.72	98.93 ± 0.33
		KNN	97.78 ± 0.60	97.52 ± 0.53	97.48 ± 0.69	97.14 ± 0.78	98.87 ± 0.36
	Precision	LDA	87.02 ± 4.69	85.26 ± 4.31	84.79 ± 4.86	80.05 ± 4.90	92.65 ± 1.99
		SVM	83.92 ± 4.92	81.51 ± 4.05	80.75 ± 5.01	78.12 ± 6.58	91.20 ± 2.68
		KNN	81.62 ± 5.41	79.11 ± 4.71	78.68 ± 6.11	75.36 ± 7.28	90.70 ± 2.95
	F1 score	LDA	85.55 ± 4.84	83.22 ± 4.68	83.14 ± 5.34	78.37 ± 5.50	91.59 ± 2.29
		SVM	82.63 ± 5.01	79.78 ± 4.34	79.00 ± 5.21	76.17 ± 6.70	90.19 ± 3.02
		KNN	79.87 ± 5.58	77.30 ± 5.12	77.00 ± 6.40	73.71 ± 7.33	89.70 ± 3.39