Research Article

Bus Single-Trip Time Prediction Based on Ensemble Learning

Table 3

Model training and prediction time.

ModelsTimeStep = 4TimeStep = 6
TrainingPrediction (ms)TrainingPrediction (ms)

LSTM115 min1257121 min1471
GRU119 min727126 min1103
LR7 ms216 ms3
KNN77 ms6398 ms82
XGBoost3619 ms485192 ms73
LR-stacking58 ms1152 ms56
RF-bagging329 ms79417 ms136
AdaBoost-boosting2351 ms923162 ms141