Research Article

Bus Single-Trip Time Prediction Based on Ensemble Learning

Table 7

Model training and prediction time.

ModelsTimeStep = 4TimeStep = 6
TrainingPrediction (ms)TrainingPrediction (ms)

LSTM85 min986106 min1326
GRU93 min645114 min735
LR4 ms16 ms2
KNN64 ms5271 ms68
XGBoost2639 ms323283 ms42
LR-stacking21 ms635 ms21
RF-bagging214 ms51257 ms82
AdaBoost-boosting1427 ms721974 ms102