[Retracted] The Rise of Cloud Computing: Data Protection, Privacy, and Open Research Challenges—A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

Table 14

Comparison of data protection techniques.

Techniques	Local proxy overhead	Data accuracy retains	Level of data protection		Transparency	Operation supported	Applicable condition
Encryption	Large overhead on proxy because of encryption and decryption	Provides a high level of data accuracy	Provides a very high level of data protection using encryption		Requires management of key	Only storage	Applicable when user wants high-level security and low-level performance
Anonymization	Quasi-attribute splitting overhead	Low-level data accuracy depends on masking methods	The average level of data protection depends on the anonymization methods	Fully transparent for CSP and local proxy		Storage, search on nonmasked data, and computation	Applicable when testing over the statistical original data is required
Splitting	Remains the same in all operations	Provides a high level of accuracy for the user and CSP	Provides no guarantee about the protection of data fragments		Not transparent for local proxy, keeps record of the fragments’ location	All the operation cloud be performed	Applicable when user wants high-level computation performance and low-level data security
Homomorphic encryption	Large overhead on proxy because of large numbers of arithmetic operations	Provides a high level of accuracy	Provides a high level of data protection		Requires management of key	Storage and arithmetic operation computation	Applicable when the user wants high-level computation performance and also high-level data security
Signcryption	Large overhead on proxy because of signcryption and unsigncryption	Provides a high level of data accuracy	Provides a very high level of data protection like confidentiality and authentication		Requires management of key	Only storage	Applicable when user wants data confidentiality and authentication with high protection
Steganography	No overhead on the local proxy	Provides very low accuracy as compared to the other cryptographic techniques	Provides a medium level of data protection		Fully transparent for CSP and local proxy	Only storage	Applicable when the user wants a medium level of data protection with low computation