Alcohol Consumption in Diabetic Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Table 1
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 151 subjects according to lifetime drinking history.
Nondrinker
Light drinker
Moderate drinker
Crude p values
Adjusted p values
Age
62.8 ± 10.6
61.2 ± 9.9
58.3 ± 10.4
0.147
0.167
Gender (male)
22 (48)
46 (66)
28 (80)
0.010
0.008
Ethnicity (Caucasian)
28 (61)
58 (83)
30 (86)
0.008
0.007
BMI (kg/m2)
Male
33.1 ± 7.5
34.5 ± 6.4
36.4 ± 0.2
0.170
0.313
Female
37.3 ± 10.3
39.1 ± 9.1
36.4 ± 8.6
0.519
0.313
Girth (cm)
Male
115.5 ± 16.3
120.4 ± 16.5
126.2 ± 18.7
0.098
0.173
Female
119.3 ± 20.1
121.7 ± 17.7
111.6 ± 24.9
0.338
0.204
Never smoker
36 (78)
30 (43)
13 (37)
0.000
0.000
Diabetic “control”
HbA1c
7.9 ± 1.3
8.0 ± 1.7
8.5 ± 1.6
0.197
0.515
Insulin therapy
23 (50)
32 (46)
22 (63)
0.250
0.239
DPP4/GLP1
9 (20)
18 (26)
17 (49)
0.012
0.027
Dyslipidemia
Triglycerides
2.0 ± 1.5
2.0 ± 1.1
2.8 ± 2.1
0.033
0.086
Fibrate therapy
5 (11)
3 (4)
7 (20)
0.037
0.044
Comorbidities
Ischemic heart disease
10 (22)
20 (29)
13 (37)
0.314
0.300
Obstructive sleep apnea
8 (17)
25 (36)
25 (71)
0.005
0.003
Depression
22 (48)
25 (35)
25 (71)
0.003
0.003
Respiratory disease
9 (20)
15 (21)
10 (29)
0.603
0.615
Osteoarthritis
15 (33)
29 (41)
13 (37)
0.629
0.487
Data presented continuously (mean ± standard deviation) and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, unless specified. Data presented categorically (n, %) and analyzed using Pearson’s χ2 test. All p values adjusted for age and BMI unless specified. Adjusted for age. Data presented categorically (n, %) and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test.
