Effect of Admission Time on the Outcomes of Liver Cirrhosis with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Regular Hours versus Off-Hours Admission

Table 1

Characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis and AUGIB in test cohort.

Variables	No. Pts	Overall	No. Pts	Regular hours	No. Pts	Off-hours	P value
Age (years)	826	55.27 (6.28-95.13)	486	54.54 (20.88-95.13)	340	55.95 (6.28-84.56)	0.074
Sex (male)	826	564 (68.3%)	486	337 (69.3%)	340	227 (66.8%)	0.434
Etiology of Liver Diseases	826		486		340		0.387
HBV		208 (25.2%)		126 (25.9%)		82 (24.1%)
HCV		51 (6.2%)		32 (6.6%)		19 (5.6%)
HBV + HCV		6 (0.7%)		2 (0.4%)		4 (1.2%)
Alcohol Abuse		219 (26.5%)		125 (25.7%)		94 (27.7%)
HBV + Alcohol Abuse		64 (7.7%)		42 (8.6%)		22 (6.5%)
HCV + Alcohol Abuse		13 (1.6%)		7 (1.4%)		6 (1.8%)
HBV + HCV + Alcohol Abuse		2 (0.2%)		1 (0.2%)		1 (0.3%)
Drug Related		35 (4.2%)		23 (4.7%)		12 (3.5%)
Autoimmune Liver Diseases		56 (6.8%)		26 (5.4%)		30 (8.8%)
Other or Unclear Etiology		172 (20.8%)		102 (21%)		70 (20.6%)
Laboratory Tests
Red Blood Cell (10^12/L)	822	2.56 (0.93-5.49)	482	2.61 (0.93-5.49)	340	2.49 (1.05-5.10)	0.250
Hemoglobin (g/L)	822	72.00 (23.00-180.00)	482	73.00 (23.00-164.00)	340	71.00 (23.00-180.00)	0.512
White Blood Cell (10^9/L)	822	4.70 (0.40-46.10)	482	4.20 (0.80-33.50)	340	5.30 (0.90-46.10)	<0.001
Platelet Count (10^9/L)	822	75.00 (9.00-842.00)	482	74.00 (9.00-842.00)	340	77.50 (17.00-775.00)	0.429
Total Bilirubin (umol/L)	820	20.30 (3.30-679.10)	480	20.10 (4.10-679.10)	340	20.50 (3.30-250.80)	0.598
Direct Bilirubin (umol/L)	820	8.30 (0.50-413.80)	480	8.20 (1.30-413.80)	340	8.50 (0.50-195.20)	0.916
Indirect Bilirubin (umol/L)	820	11.75 (1.30-265.30)	480	11.50 (1.30-265.30)	340	12.05 (2.00-126.60)	0.436
Albumin (g/L)	796	30.40 (9.60-49.30)	469	31.00 (9.60-49.30)	327	29.30 (10.00-48.00)	<0.001
Alanine Aminotransferase (U/L)	818	23.00 (5.00-1064.00)	479	23.00 (5.00-730.00)	339	24.00 (5.00-1064.00)	0.403
Aspartate Aminotransferase (U/L)	818	31.00 (7.00-1487.00)	479	31.00 (7.00-1399.00)	339	32.00 (8.00-1487.00)	0.255
Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L)	818	73.00 (1.30-889.00)	479	74.00 (17.44-889.00)	339	72.00 (1.30-688.00)	0.535
Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase (U/L)	818	35.00 (5.00-1168.00)	479	35.00 (5.00-1168.00)	339	37.00 (6.00-755.00)	0.945
Blood Urea Nitrogen (mmol/L)	792	7.71 (1.58-42.83)	465	7.06 (1.58-42.83)	327	8.21 (1.96-37.67)	<0.001
Serum Creatinine (umol/L)	791	61.00 (20.00-919.00)	465	60.00 (20.00-919.00)	326	61.00 (24.00-327.00)	0.284
Potassium (mmol/L)	810	4.06 (2.13-7.87)	473	4.00 (2.13-7.07)	337	4.12 (2.79-7.78)	<0.001
Sodium (mmol/L)	810	138.80 (83.00-160.80)	473	139.10 (83.00-160.80)	337	138.50 (116.40-152.40)	0.055
PT (seconds)	794	16.20 (10.80-62.80)	465	15.90 (10.80-62.80)	329	16.50 (11.00-49.50)	0.034
APTT (seconds)	791	40.30 (25.70-180.00)	463	40.50 (25.7-180.00)	328	39.95 (27.30-97.20)	0.452
INR	791	1.31 (0.77-7.96)	463	1.28 (0.77-7.96)	328	1.35 (0.79-5.94)	0.040
Child-Pugh Score	776	7.00 (5.00-15.00)	455	7.00 (5.00-15.00)	321	7.00 (5.00-15.00)	0.006
Child-Pugh A/B/C	776	234 (30.2%)/339; (51.4%)/143 (18.4%)	455	160 (35.2%)/216; (47.5%)/79 (17.3%)	321	74 (23.1%)/183; (57.0%)/64 (19.9%)	0.001
MELD Score	772	6.37 (-7.52-38.22)	453	5.87 (-7.52-38.22)	319	7.06 (-7.44-37.65)	0.067
Recalibrated MELD Score	772	-4.00 (-6.87-2.60)	453	-4.10 (-6.87-2.60)	319	-3.85 (-6.85-2.48)	0.067
ALBI Score	793	-1.70 (-3.31-0.22)	467	-1.77 (-3.31-0.03)	326	-1.59 (-3.13-0.22)	<0.001
Esophageal Varices (No/Mild/Moderate/Severe)	522	32 (6.1%)/24 (4.6%)/; 54 (10.3%)/412 (78.9%)	309	20 (6.5%)/17 (5.5%)/; 32(10.4%)/240 (77.6%)	213	12 (5.6%)/7 (3.3%)/; 22 (10.3%)/172 (80.8%)	0.650
Treatment
Endoscopic Treatment	826	508 (61.5%)	486	310 (63.8%)	340	198 (58.2%)	0.107
Sengstaken Blakemore	826	20 (2.4%)	486	12 (2.5%)	340	8 (2.4%)	0.915
Somatostatin and/or Octreotide	826	750 (90.8%)	486	435 (80.5%)	340	315 (92.7%)	0.124
Blood Transfusion	826	544 (65.9%)	486	295 (60.7%)	340	249 (73.3%)	<0.001
PPIs	826	813 (98.4%)	486	477 (98.2%)	340	336 (98.8%)	0.443
Surgery	826	8 (1.0%)	486	2 (0.4%)	340	6 (1.8%)	0.051
5-day Re-bleeding After Treatment	822	115 (14.0%)	485	52 (10.7%)	337	63 (18.7%)	0.001
Death During Hospitalization	826	47 (5.7%)	486	25 (5.1%)	340	22(6.5%)	0.418
Length of Stay (days)	826	11.23 (0.06-100.55)	486	11.27 (0.06-78.00)	340	11.13 (0.09-100.55)	0.830
Total Payment (¥)	826	23,120.87 (1,287.54-226,872.93)	486	22,017.42 (1,683.37-126,413.58)	340	25,906.83 (1,287.54-226,872.93)	<0.001

Data are expressed as median (range) or frequency (percentage).
Abbreviations. AUGIB: acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; PT: prothrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; INR: international normalized ratio; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease; ALBI: albumin-bilirubin; PPIs: proton pump inhibitors; ¥: Renminbi.