Circulating miRNAs as Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Summary estimates of diagnostic power and their 95% confidence intervals.

Subgroup		Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	Positive LR (95% CI)	Negative LR (95% CI)	DOR (95% CI)	AUC
Regulation mode
Upregulated	12	0.73 [0.58–0.84]	0.77 [0.63–0.87]	3.15 [2.04–4.85]	0.35 [0.23–0.54]	8.99 [4.88–16.75]	0.82 [0.78–0.85]
Downregulated	5	0.61 [0.53–0.69]	0.91 [0.81–0.96]	7, 18 [3.06–16.71]	0.42 [0.34–0.53]	17.04 [6.49–44.75]	0.65 [0.61–0.69]
Country
Chinese	8	0.66 [0.47–0.82]	0.79 [0.58–0.91]	3.21 [1.62–6.36]	0.42 [0.27–0.67]	7.58 [3.24–17.78]	0.79 [0.75–0.82]
Non-Chinese	9	0.73 [0.61–0.82]	0.83 [0.74–0.90]	4.36 [2.98–6.36]	0.32 [0.23–0.46]	13.46 [8.48–21.26]	0.86 [0.82–0.89]
miRNA profiling
miRNA panel	1	0.90	0.76	3.86	0.42	9.13	0.89
Single miRNA	16	0.68 [0.56–0.78]	0.83 [0.71–0.90]	3.90 [2.42–6.28]	0.39 [0.29–0.52]	9.96 [5.67–17.52]	0.82 [0.78–0.85]
Sample size
≥100	9	0.72 [0.53–0.85]	0.77 [0.59–0.88]	3.05 [1.84–5.06]	0.37 [0.23–0.60]	8.19 [4.06–16.54]	0.81 [0.77–0.84]
<100	8	0.69 [0.60–0.76]	0.89 [0.79–0.94]	5.96 [3.20–11.12]	0.36 [0.28–0.46]	16.67 [8.27–33.98]	0.81 [0.78–0.84]
Male proportion
>50%	10	0.69 [0.52–0.81]	0.78 [0.62–0.89]	3.16 [1.87–5.35]	0.40 [0.27–0.60]	7.88 [3.97–15.63]	0.80 [0.76–0.83]
≤50%	5	0.77 [0.69–0.84]	0.81 [0.72–0.87]	5.92 [1.96–17.85]	0.35 [0.22–0.54]	25.90 [10.99–61.06]	0.90 [0.88–0.92]
Disease
NAFLD	12	0.72 [0.57–0.84]	0.76 [0.62–0.86]	3.05 [2.01–4.62]	0.36 [0.24–0.55]	8.40 [4.63–15.24]	0.81 [0.77–0.84]
NASH	5	0.65 [0.55–0.73]	0.92 [0.83–0.97]	8.27 [3.74–18.31]	0.38 [0.29–0.50]	21.62 [8.71–53.66]	0.80 [0.76–0.83]
Total	17	0.70 [0.58–0.79]	0.82 [0.72–0.90]	3.95 [2.54–6.15]	0.37 [0.27–0.50]	10.76 [6.26–18.51]	0.83 [0.79–0.86]

LR: likelihood ratio; DOR: diagnostic odds ratio; AUC: area under the curve; CI: confidence interval.