Pooled Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Video Capsule Endoscopy in Patients with Implantable Cardiac Devices

Table 2

Pooled results of the 16 studies included in the analysis [5–20].

Type of Device	Total Number of cardiac devices (n)	Cardiac devices brand	VCE brand	Cardiac Outcome	Quality of transmitted images
PPM	487	Medtronic (77); Guidant (54); St Jude Medical (26); Biotronik (12); Vitatron (8); ELA Sorin (3); Boston scientific (1); No specification (306)	PillCam (431); EndoCapsule (33); MiroCam (3); No specification (20)	No adverse cardiac events; No cardiac device malfunction; 1 case had some atrial and ventricular premature contractions without clinical symptoms	4 cases of VCE interference with telemetry leads leading to few images loss; 1 case showed low capsule signal resulting in transient lack of localization of the capsule without images loss (PillCam with ELA Sorin)
ICD	162	Medtronic (15); St Jude (13); Guidant (10); Boston scientific (7); ELA Sorin (2); Biotronik (1); No specification (114)	PillCam (147); EndoCapsule (8); MiroCam (3); No specification (4)	No adverse cardiac events; No cardiac device malfunction; 1 case had some atrial and ventricular premature contractions without clinical symptoms	2 cases of VCE interference with telemetry leads leading to few images loss
LVAD	86	Thoratec HeartMate II (35); HeartWare (3); No specification (48)	PillCam (52); No specification (34)	No adverse cardiac events; No cardiac device malfunction	5 cases of possible interference leading to images loss/artifact when VCE was near the device

Permanent Pacemaker (PPM); Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator (ICD); Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD); Video Capsule Endoscopy (VCE).