Jackhammer Esophagus: From Manometric Diagnosis to Clinical Presentation

Table 2

Comparison of age and sex distribution of the patients with Jackhammer esophagus (JE) and the other motility disorders diagnosed during HRM.

	JE	Normal	Achalasia	Ineffective motility	Absent contractility	EGJ outflow obstruction	Combination of the other HRM diagnosis
Mean age, years	62 13	57 15	59 19	54 19	56 18	62 12	57 16
(standard deviation)
p-value	N/A	0,03	0,32	0,01	0,06	0,95	0,05
(compared to JE)
Sex distribution
Females	89%	64%	40%	62%	60%	65%	62%
Males	11%	36%	60%	38%	40%	35%	38%
p-value	N/A	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
(compared to JE)