The Triglyceride and Glucose Index Is a Predictor of Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Table 2
Characteristics of the study subjects analyzed by gender.
Men
All
Lowest TyG-index tertile (TyG < 8.00)
Middle TyG-index tertile (8.00 ≤ TyG < 8.48)
Highest TyG-index tertile (8.48 ≤ TyG)
n
6,823
2,379
2,300
2,144
Age, years
40.0 (14.0)
39.0 (11.0)
41.0 (13.0)
43.0 (14.0)
Body weight (kg)
64.1 (10.9)
62.4 (10.5)
63.8 (0.8)
66.1 (10.8)
BMI (kg/m2)
22.1 (3.2)
21.3 (3.1)
22.0 (3.1)
22.9 (2.9)
Consumption of alcohol, (g/week)
36.0 (104.0)
18.0 (87.3)
36.0 (89.0)
54.0 (109.0)
Smoking†
Current-smoker
2,668 (39.1%)
877 (32.9%)
890 (33.4%)
901 (33.8%)
Past-smoker
1,798 (26.4%)
562 (31.3%)
639 (35.3%)
597 (33.2%)
Never-smoker
2,357 (39.1%)
940 (39.9%)
771 (32.7%)
646 (27.4%)
Regular exerciser†
1,318 (19.3%)
515 (22.9%)
441 (19.1%)
362 (16.0%)
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)
5.3 (0.6)
5.2 (0.5)
5.3 (0.6)
5.4 (0.6)
Hemoglobin A1c (NGSP) (%)
5.1 (0.5)
5.1 (0.5)
5.1 (0.5)
5.2 (0.6)
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
0.9 (0.7)
0.5 (0.2)
0.9 (0.2)
1.5 (0.6)
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.1 (1.2)
4.7 (1.0)
5.1 (1.0)
5.4 (1.1)
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.3 (0.4)
1.5 (40.5)
1.3 (0.4)
1.1 (0.4)
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)
18.0 (7.0)
17.0 (7.0)
17.0 (7.0)
18.0 (6.0)
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)
18.0 (10.0)
16.0 (8.0)
18.0 (10.0)
20.0 (10.5)
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (IU/L)
17.0 (12.0)
15.0 (8.0)
17.0 (10.0)
21.0 (18.0)
Diabetes mellitus†
118.0 (1.7%)
6.0 (0.3%)
26.0 (1.1%)
86.0 (3.8%)
SBP (mmHg)
115.5 (17.5)
113.0 (16.5)
115.0 (18.0)
118.0 (18.0)
DBP (mmHg)
72.5 (12.5)
70.5 (12.0)
72.5 (12.0)
74.5 (12.5)
TyG-index
8.2 (0.7)
7.7 (0.4)
8.2 (0.3)
8.8 (0.4)
Women
All
Lowest TyG-index tertile (TyG < 7.53)
Middle TyG-index tertile (7.53 ≤ TyG < 7.97)
Highest TyG-index tertile (7.97 ≤ TyG)
n
7,263
2,468
2,342
2,453
Age, years
40.0 (11.0)
38.0 (8.0)
40.0 (11.0)
44.0 (3.0)
Body weight (kg)
51.2 (8.7)
49.9 (7.9)
51.0 (8.4)
52.7 (9.3)
BMI (kg/m2)
20.4 (3.2)
19.7 (2.7)
20.3 (3.0)
21.2 (3.4)
Consumption of alcohol (g/week)
0.0 (12.0)
1.0 (4.2)
0.0 (12.0)
0.0 (12.0)
Smoking
Current-smoker
466 (6.4%)
139 (29.8%)
151 (32.4%)
176 (37.8%)
Past-smoker
463 (6.4%)
169 (36.5%)
142 (30.6%)
152 (32.8%)
Never-smoker
6,334 (87.2%)
2,160 (34.1%)
2,049 (32.5%)
2,125 (33.6%)
Regular exerciser†
1,129 (15.5%)
327 (13.7%)
406 (16.7%)
396 (16.2%)
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)
4.9 (0.5)
4.8 (0.5)
4.9 (0.5)
5.1 (0.6)
Hemoglobin A1c (NGSP) (%)
5.1 (0.5)
5.1 (0.5)
5.1 (0.5)
5.2 (0.5)
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
0.6 (0.4)
0.4 (0.1)
0.6 (0.2)
0.9 (0.4)
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.0 (1.2)
4.6 (0.9)
5.0 (1.2)
5.4 (1.2)
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.6 (0.5)
1.7 (0.5)
1.6 (0.7)
1.5 (0.5)
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)
16.0 (6.0)
16.0 (6.0)
15.0 (6.0)
16.0 (6.0)
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)
13.0 (6.0)
13.0 (6.0)
13.0 (6.0)
14.0 (6.0)
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (IU/L)
11.0 (5.0)
11.0 (4.0)
11.0 (5.0)
11.0 (6.0)
Diabetes mellitus†
30 (0.4%)
0 (0%)
2 (0.1%)
28 (1.2%)
SBP (mmHg)
107.0 (17.5)
104.0 (15.5)
106.0 (16.5)
111.5 (20.0)
DBP (mmHg)
66.5 (12.0)
64.5 (11.0)
65.5 (11.4)
69.5 (13.0)
TyG-index
7.8 (0.7)
7.3 (0.4)
7.8 (0.3)
8.3 (0.4)
The TyG-index was calculated by the following formula: TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) × FPG (mg/dl)/2]. Diabetes mellitus: HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dl or getting treatment for diabetes. Continuous variables are presented as median (interquartile range). The differences among tertiles were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test or the Kruskal–Wallis test and Steel–Dwass test. versus the lowest TyG-index tertile; versus the middle TyG-index tertile. Categorical variables are expressed as number (%), and the differences among tertiles were evaluated by Pearson’s Χ2 test. .
