Methods for Endoscopic Removal of Over-the-Scope Clip: A Systematic Review

Table 3

Characteristics of the included clinical trials.

Author	Article type	Number of included patients	Age	Gender (M/F)	Indications for OTSC implantation	Indications for OTSC removal
Mudumbi et al. [8]	Observational, retrospective	6	57 (45–72)	8/4	Anchored the esophageal SEMS for fistulas or leaks	6 removal of SEMS after recovery
Schmidt et al. [6]	Retrospective	11	62 (43–73)	7/4	3 perforation; 4 ulcer bleedings; 2 mucosal defects; 1 EFTR; 1 SEMS	6 adverse events after OTSC implantation (2 ulcer, 3 obstruction, and 1 dysphagia); 2 needed repeat biopsy; 1 removal of SEMS after recovery; 2 patients’ wishes (all causing psychosomatic abdominal pain)
Bauder et al. [5]	Retrospective	42	65 (35–89)	28/14	UA	22 repeat biopsy/therapy after EFTR; 15 adverse events after OTSC implantation (2 ulcer, 9 dysphagia, and 4 abdominal pain); 4 misplaced OTSC; 1 removal of SEMS after recovery
Caputo et al. [10]	Retrospective	74	UA	UA	51 OTSC; 16 FTRD	UA
Schmidt et al. [9]	Retrospective	11	UA	UA	11 FTRD	R1/Rx resection, needs retherapy after EFTR

M, male; F, female; SEMS, self-expandable metallic stent; EFTR, endoscopic full-thickness resection; UA, details were unavailable in the original articles; ^#FTRD, full-thickness resection device.