Research Article
Abnormal Liver Tests during Hospitalization Predict Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Multicenter Study from South America
Table 4
Multivariate logistic regression evaluating risk factors for death associated with COVID-19 during different periods of hospitalization.
| | Variable | First week (days 0–7) | Second week (days 8–14) | Overall hospitalization | | Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate |
| | Age (years) | 1.04 (1.002–1.08) | — | 1.08 (1.04–1.12) | — | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | — | | Gender (male) | 2.57 (0.7–9.41) | — | 2.1 (0.7–6.7) | — | 1.57 (0.86–2.85) | — | | Cardiovascular comorbidity | 4.77 (1.59–12.28) | 8.65 (2.37–31.62) | 6.17 (2.16–17.7) | 9.53 (2.17–41.9) | 3.75 (2.08–6.75) | 3.1 (1.14–8.45) | | Obesity (BMI>35) | 1.06 (1.03–1.1) | — | 3.63 (0.47–28.1) | — | 2.87 (1.17–7.02) | — | | Diabetes | 1.02 (0.2–4.71) | — | 0.86 (0.19–3.9) | — | 1.1 (0.49–2.43) | — | | Chronic liver disease | 4.3 (1.03–15.75) | 7.17 (1.51–34.16) | 1.76 (0.48–6.4) | — | 4.25 (1.72–10.5) | 4.25 (0.95–19) | | Time from symptoms to hospitalization (days) | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) | — | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | — | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | — | | Active smoker | 11.35 (0.29–6.62) | — | 1.44 (0.39–5.31) | — | 2.7 (1.3–5.46) | 6.45 (1.98–21) | | WBC count (x109/L) on admission | 1.15 (1.07–1.24) | 1.17 (1.08–1.28) | 1 (0.91–1.1) | — | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | — | | WBC count (x109/L) at 1 week from admission | — | — | 1.1 (0.95–1.17) | — | 1.1 (1.04–1.18) | 1.13 (1.04–1.23) | | ALEx2 at admission | 4.75 (1.55–14.62) | 3.55 (1.05–12.05) | 0.8 (0.25–2.5) | — | 1.11 (0.62–2) | — | | De novo-ALEx2 at 1 week after admission | — | — | 6.3 (1.53–25.9) | 6.09 (1.28–29) | 2.79 (1.21–6.43) | 2.93 (1.05–8.19) | | Persistent-ALEx2 at 1 week after admission | — | — | 9.57 (1.12–81.9) | 4.98 (0.53–46.7) | 3.24 (1.18–8.87) | 3.73 (0.91–15.37) | | Neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio | 1.05 (1.01–1.08) | — | 1 (0.95–1.05) | — | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | — | | C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1 (0.99–1.003) | — | 1 (0.99–1.01) | — | 1.004 (1.001–1.006) | — | | Procalcitonin (mg/L) | 1.003 (0.91–1.09) | — | 0.99 (0.91–1.09) | — | 1.005 (0.97–1.05) | — | | Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.22 (0.96–1.57) | — | 1.37 (1.09–1.71) | — | 1.24 (1.01–1.5) | — | | Bilateral consolidation at admission | 0.75 (0.2–2.77) | — | 0.31 (0.04–2.4) | — | 2.15 (1.12–4.13) | — |
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ALEx2, abnormal liver enzymes >2 times over the upper limit of normal; BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cells.
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