Early Changes in Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Can Predict Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis: Comparative Study between BISAP Score, APACHE-II, and Other Laboratory Markers—A Prospective Observational Study

Table 1

Basal population characteristics.

Variable	n = 410
Age, median ± SD	65.4 ± 18.6
Gender, male, n (%)	209 (51)
ASA score, n (%)
I	82 (20)
II	182 (44.4)
III	144 (35.1)
IV	2 (0.5)
BMI, median ± SD	28.4 ± 5.2
Comorbidities
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	89 (21.7)
Dyslipidemia, n (%)	131 (32)
Cardiovascular disease, n (%)	105 (25.6)
Higher blood pressure, n (%)	222 (54.1)
Renal chronic disease, n (%)	30 (7.3)
Respiratory chronic disease, n (%)	59 (14.4)
AP aetiology, n (%)
Biliary	319 (77.8)
Alcohol	40 (9.8)
Idiopathic	17 (4.1)
Post-ERCP	13 (3.2)
Hypertriglyceridemia	3 (0.7)
Others	18 (4.3)
Atlanta criteria of severity, n (%)
Mild	261 (63.7)
Moderate	104 (25.8)
Severe	45 (11)
Pancreatic necrosis
Intrapancreatic necrosis	77 (18.8)
Extrapancreatic necrosis	97 (23.7)
Scores and laboratory tests at admission
APACHE-II, mean ± SD	6.7 ± 3.6
BISAP score, mean ± SD	1.5 ± 1.2
Haematocrit (%), mean ± SD	42.4 ± 5.3
C-reactive protein (mg/dl), mean ± SD	5.2 ± 7.8
BUN (mg/dl), mean ± SD	20.8 ± 11.1
Outcomes
Persistent organ failure	49 (12)
Persistent multiorgan failure	31 (7.6)
Infected pancreatic necrosis	27 (6.6)
Mortality	23 (5.6)

APACHE-II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CRP, C-reactive protein; BMI, body mass index; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologist.