Chronic Liver Disease in Ethiopia with a Particular Focus on the Etiological Spectrums: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Table 2

Study characteristics and populations included in the eligible studies.

Author (reference)	Study year	Study area	Study design	Study populations	Sample size	Sex		Age, yrs.
						M	F
Muhie [24]	2019	Gondar	CS	Hospitalized adult patients with ascites.	24	NR	NR	NR
Adhanom and Desalegn [25]	2017	Addis Ababa	CS	Patients diagnosed with CLD, cirrhosis, HCC, hepatitis as labeled on the medical chart.	117	107	10	Median: 45
Ayele and Gebre-Selassie [26]	2013	Addis Ababa	CS	CLD diagnosed patients based on history, clinical, ultrasound, and impaired liver function tests.	120	76	44	Mean: 40.99 ± 14.00
Gaddisa Desu [27]	2019	Jimma	CS	Adult clinically diagnosed CLD patients admitted at medical ward and on follow-up at GI clinic with.	96	66	30	20 to 49 : 76, ≥50 : 16, 15–19 : 4
Taye et al. [28]	2014	Bale robe	CS	All patients with chronic hepatitis.	578	322	256	Mean age: 34
Tsega et al. [29]	1995	Addis Ababa	CC	The only biopsy-proven cases of patients with chronic hepatitis (14), cirrhosis (156), and HCC (68).	238	170	68	Mean: 42 ± 13.3
Mohammed and Ali [30]	2014	Addis Ababa (multicenter)	CS	Clinically diagnosed CLD patients.	117	82	55	Median = 39 (18 to 78)
Abdelmenan et al. [31]	2018	Addis Ababa	CC	CLD patients were diagnosed based on clinical features, laboratory tests, imaging techniques, and when available histological tissues assessment.	812	470	342	Mean: 40.7 ± 15.4
Orlien et al. [32]	2018	Harar	CS	Adult patients presenting for the first time with features of CLD based on the presence of suggestive clinical and ultrasound features.	150	108	42	Median: 30
Orlien et al.^∗ [33]	2018	Harar	CC	Adult patients presenting for the first time with features of CLD based on the presence of suggestive clinical and ultrasound features.	150	108	42	Median (IQR): 30 (25–40)
Terefe Tesfaye et al. [34]	2019	Multicenter^a	CS	Hospitalized adult CLD patients diagnosed based on suggestive clinical and/or ultrasound findings.	119	85	24	Median (IQR): 38(30–40)
Bihonegn and Ayalewu [35]	2019	Mekelle	CC	CLD (cases) and non-CLD (controls) patients who were attending in the GI unit.	94	77	17	Mean: 41 ± 13

^aMulticenter: Jimma, Addis Ababa, and Harar, CC: case-control, CS: cross-sectional, IQR: interquartile range, CLD: chronic liver disease, HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma.