Combined Liver Stiffness and Α-fetoprotein Further beyond the Sustained Virologic Response Visit as Predictors of Long-Term Liver-Related Events in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Table 1
Patient characteristics.
Variables
IFN-based therapy
DAA-based therapy
value
Total n
Median (IQR) or n
Total n
Median (IQR) or n
Age, years (TW0)
406
54 (45–60)
114
65 (58–73)
<0.001
Sex, male/female
406
214/192
114
46/68
0.026
Body mass index, kg/m2 (TW0)
406
24.2 (22.3–26.3)
114
24.2 (22.8–26.0)
0.592
HCV RNA log10, IU/mL (TW0)
406
6.22 (5.42–6.71)
114
6.76 (6.09–7.08)
<0.001
HCV genotype, 1/non-1
406
203/203
114
93/21
<0.001
Clinical cirrhosis, % (TW0)
406
32/406 (7.9%)
114
31/114 (27.2%)
<0.001
AST, U/L (TW0)
406
60 (40–98)
111
56 (37–85)
0.136
ALT, U/L (TW0)
406
84 (52–137)
114
66 (41–106)
0.001
AFP, ng/mL (TW0)
406
4.71 (3.03–9.32)
104
5.51 (3.06–11.26)
0.181
AFP, ng/mL (SVR)
403
2.90 (2.06–4.15)
105
3.46 (2.46–5.56)
0.004
AFP, ng/mL (Y3PSVR)
315
2.84 (2.11–3.95)
108
3.19 (2.21–3.94)
0.334
AFP decline, % (from SVR to Y3PSVR)
314
0 (−17.23–16.99)
100
11.97 (−3.00–26.70)
<0.001
Albumin, g/dL (TW0)
401
4.30 (4.10–4.60)
109
4.30 (4.10–4.50)
0.468
Bilirubin, mg/dL (TW0)
406
0.93 (0.70–1.14)
113
0.90 (0.70–1.10)
0.235
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (TW0)
406
99.52 (70.07–144)
114
92.55 (76.14–106)
0.036
HbA1c, % (TW0)
405
5.7 (5.4–6.0)
99
5.7 (5.4–6.1)
0.900
WBC, ×103/μL (TW0)
406
5.30 (4.30–6.52)
114
4.85 (3.99–6.32)
0.059
Hemoglobin, g/dL (TW0)
406
14.0 (13.1–15.1)
114
14.1 (13.0–15.0)
0.830
Platelet, ×103/μL (TW0)
406
165 (125–204)
114
143 (107–185)
0.012
INR (TW0)
406
1.04 (0.99–1.10)
113
1.02 (0.99–1.09)
0.225
LS, m/s (TW0)
309
1.46 (1.21–2.06)
78
1.89 (1.28–2.27)
0.014
LS, m/s (SVR)
295
1.21 (1.06–1.48)
72
1.53 (1.25–2.06)
<0.001
Median follow-up, months (post-SVR)
406
88.8 (54.0–110.6)
114
41.7 (39.1–55.1)
<0.001
LREs (post-SVR)
24
4
NA
Incidence rate, /100 person-year
0.8
1.0
NA
HCC (post-SVR)
17
3
NA
LS, m/s (Y3PSVR)
370
1.15 (1.02–1.34)
86
1.21 (1.05–1.42)
0.118
LS decline, % (from SVR to Y3PSVR)
268
4.89 (−4.25–18.49)
54
8.94 (−1.23–22.02)
0.131
Median follow-up, months (post-Y3PSVR)
352
55.86 (32.75–80.16)
55
13.00 (5.00–17.00)
<0.001
LREs (post-Y3PSVR)
14
1
NA
HCC (post-Y3PSVR)
10
0
NA
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or n. Decline = (preceding minus next values)/preceding value. AFP, α-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; DAA, direct-acting antiviral; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate (modification of diet in renal disease formula); HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IFN, interferon; INR, international normalized ratio; LRE, liver-related event; LS, liver stiffness; SVR, sustained virologic response (visit); TW0, treatment baseline; WBC, white blood cell; Y3PSVR, year 3 post-SVR.
