Do the Th17 Cells Play a Role in the Pathogenesis of Leptospirosis?

Table 2

Comparison of mean serum cytokine levels in the healthy control group, leptospirosis patients without renal failure, and leptospirosis patients with renal failure.

Cytokine	Control (pg/ml)	Leptospirosis patients without renal failure (pg/ml)	Leptospirosis patients with renal failure (pg/ml)	value healthy-mild	value healthy-with renal failure	value without renal failure-with renal failure
IL-10	18.61 ± 10.5	17 ± 4.3	11.43 ± 11.8	NS	NS	NS
IL-17A	8.13 ± 0.6	13.3 ± 6.2	4.43 ± 4.6	NS	NS	NS
IL-21	7.15 ± 4.0	9.21 ± 5.0	15.74 ± 9.2	NS	0.006	0.001
IL-23	21.75 ± 17.7	32.2 ± 16.2	56.20 ± 17.1	NS	0.002	0.001
TNF-α	62.95 ± 37.2	300.52 ± 200.2	422.48 ± 373.1	0.0002	NS	NS

, NS; not significant.