Do the Th17 Cells Play a Role in the Pathogenesis of Leptospirosis?

Table 3

Comparison of mean serum cytokine levels in leptospirosis patients with liver insufficiency, mild disease without complication, and healthy control group.

Type of cytokine	Mean value of healthy group (pg/ml)	Mean value of patients (pg/ml)	Mean value of leptospirosis patients with liver involvement (pg/ml)	value healthy-without liver insufficiency	value healthy-with liver insufficiency	value without liver insufficiency-with liver insufficiency
IL-10	18.61 ± 10.5	20 ± 4.2	7.91 ± 9.4	NS	NS	NS
IL-17A	8.13 ± 0.6	4.3 ± 4.3	5.78 ± 5.5	NS	NS	NS
IL-21	7.15 ± 4.0	13.53 ± 6.1	16.74 ± 8.3	0.001	0.001	NS
IL-23	21.75 ± 17.7	45.87 ± 15.2	64.78 ± 15.8	0.0001	0.001	0.003
TNF-α	62.95 ± 37.2	450 ± 300.5	702.84 ± 532.3	0.0001	0.008	0.0009

; NS, not significant.