Microbial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance in Use of Ophthalmic Solutions at the Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia

Table 1

Sociodemographic features and eye drop use versus contamination among patients admitted in the wards at Jimma University the Department of Ophthalmology from June to December 2015.

Sociodemographic characteristics		Contaminated	Noncontaminated	Total	value
Age	<40 yrs	12 (75.0%)	4 (25.0%)	16 (64.0)	1.0
	≥40 yrs	7 (77.8%)	2 (22.2%)	9 (36.0%)
Sex	Male	11 (73.3%)	4 (26.7%)	15 (60.0%)	1.00
	Female	8 (80.0%)	2 (20.0%)	10 (40.0%)
Marriage	Married	11 (68.8%)	5 (31.2%)	16 (64.0%)	0.364
	Unmarried	8 (88.9%)	1 (11.1%)	9 (36.0%)
Occupation	Employed	12 (75.0%)	4 (25.0%)	16 (64.0%)	1.00
	Unemployed	4 (44.4%)	5 (55.6%)	9 (36.0%)
Education	Illiterate	13 (92.9%)	1 (7.1%)	14 (56.0%)	0.056
	Literate	6 (54.5%)	5 (45.5%)	11 (44.0%)
Residence	Urban	15 (88.2%)	2 (11.8%)	17 (68.0%)	0.059
	Rural	4 (50.0%)	4 (50.0%)	8 (32.0%)
Technique of drug administration	Self-administration	4 (80.0%)	1 (20.0%)	5 (20.0%)	1.0
	Non-self-administration	15 (75.0%)	5 (25.0%)	20 (80%)
Reason of use of eye drops	Postoperative	7 (87.5%)	1 (12.5%)	8 (32.0%)	0.09
	Glaucoma	1 (50.0%)	1 (50.0%)	2 (8.0%)
	Infection	10 (71.4%)	4 (28.6%)	14 (56.0%)
	Lubrication	1 (100.0%)	0	1 (4.0%)
Frequency of use of eye drops	<4 times/day	13 (81.2%)	3 (18.8%)	16 (64.0%)	0.63
	≥4 times/day	6 (66.7%)	3 (33.3%)	9 (36.0%)

Fisher’s exact test.