Cryptococcosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A Rare Presentation Warranting Recognition

Table 1

Reported cases of hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with cryptococcosis.

Transplant source	Age/gender	Underlying condition	Antifungal prophylaxis	Time to onset	Clinical presentation	Species	Treatment	Outcome	Year [ref.]
-/BM	—	—	FLC	—	Cryptococcemia	C. terreus	AMB	Dead	1994 [7]
Autologous/BM	17/M	Leukemia	KTC	1 month	Cryptococcemia	C. laurentii	FLC	Alive	1997 [8]
Allogeneic/BM	12/F	ALL	None	64 days	Meningitis	—	AMBd; 5-FC	Dead	1997 [9]
Autologous	—	—	—	—	Pulmonary involvement	—	—	—	2001 [10]
Autologous	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	2001 [10]
Autologous	42/F	MM	FLC	4 months	Meningitis	C. neoformans	L-AMB; 5-FC; FLC	Alive	2002 [11]
Autologous/PB	51/M	PTCL and AML	FLC, AMB	0 days	Cryptococcemia	C. albidus	AMB; ITC	Alive	2003 [12]
Allogeneic/PB	40/F	AML	ITC	8 days	Meningitis	C. adeliensis	L-AMB; 5-FC	Dead	2004 [13]
—	—	—	CAS	12 days	Cryptococcemia	Cryptococcus sp.	—	—	2007 [14]
Autologous	61/F	MM	—	2 years	Cryptococcal cerebellitis	C. neoformans	AMB; 5-FC; FLC	Alive	2009 [15]
Allogeneic	18/M	—	—	3 years	Meningitis	C. neoformans	L-AMB; FLC; VRC; PSC; 5-FC	Alive	2009 [16]
Autologous	65/M	MM	Unspecified	7 months	Disseminated cryptococcosis	C. neoformans	Unspecified	Dead	2012 [17]
Autologous/PB	41/M	PTCL	FLC	9 days	Meningitis	C. neoformans	L-AMB; 5-FC; FLC	Alive	2014 [18]
Allogeneic	64/M	AML	—	5 years	Meningitis	C. neoformans	AMB	Dead	2016 [19]
Allogeneic/DC	31/M	ALL	CAS	1 year	Disseminated cryptococcosis with renal involvement	C. neoformans	L-AMB; 5-FC; FLC; VRC	Dead	2016 [20]
Allogeneic	—	—	—	50 days	Meningitis	C. neoformans	—	Dead	2016 [21]
Allogeneic	—	—	—	538 days	Meningitis	C. neoformans	—	Dead	2016 [21]
Allogeneic	—	—	Unspecified	-	Meningitis	Cryptococcus sp.	—	—	2016 [22]
Autologous	74/F	DLBCL	—	22 days	Meningitis	C. neoformans	AMB; 5-FC; FLC	Alive	2017 [23]
Autologous	69/F	MM	—	893 days	Meningitis	C. neoformans	AMB; 5-FC	Dead	2017 [23]
Allogeneic	47/F	AML	FLC	3 years	Disseminated cryptococcosis	C. laurentii	AMBd	Alive	2017 [24]
Autologous	26/F	HL	FLC	4 days	Diarrhea	C. laurentii	VRC	Alive	2017 [25]
Allogeneic/UC	55/M	FL	MFC	51 days	Meningitis with fungemia	C. neoformans	L-AMB; 5-FC	Alive	2018 [26]
Allogeneic	66/M	MDS	—	18 days	Pulmonary involvement	C. neoformans	L-AMB	Dead	2019 [27]

BM, bone marrow; PB, peripheral blood; DC, double cord; UC, umbilical cord; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myelogenous leukemia; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma; HL, Hodgkin’s lymphoma; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; MM, multiple myeloma; PTCL, peripheral T-cell lymphoma; AMBd, amphotericin B deoxycholate; CAS, caspofungin; FLC, fluconazole; ITC, itraconazole, KTC, ketoconazole; L-AMB, liposomal amphotericin B; MFC, micafungin; PSC, posaconazole; VRC, voriconazole; 5-FC, 5-flucytosine. Simultaneously with Candida tropicalis.