The Relationship between Pre-Pandemic Interferon Gamma Release Assay Test Results and COVID-19 Infection: Potential Prognostic Value of Indeterminate IFN-γ Release Assay Results

Table 2

Demographic characteristics of the patients.

Parameters
Female/male, n	190/175
Age (mean ± SD)	42.6 ± 16.7
Age (year), n (%)
<30	97 (36.6)
31–50	160 (43.8)
>50	108 (29.6)
Body mass index, (kg/m^2), n (%)
Underweight (<18.5)	49 (13.4)
Normal weight (18.5–24.9)	132 (36.2)
Overweight (24.5–29.9)	104 (28.5)
Obese (>30)	80 (21.9)
Smoking
Never smoker, n (%)	205 (56.2)
Former smoker, n (%)	61 (16.7)
Current smoker, n (%)	99 (27.1)
Smoking amount (pack-year), n (%)
0	205 (56.2)
1–10	60 (16.4)
11–20	58 (15.9)
>20	42 (11.5)
TB pass, n (%)	12 (3.3)
Subgroup analysis of TB patients (n = 12), n (%)
Lung TB	5 (41.7)
Extrapulmonary TB	4 (33.3)
Unknown	3 (25.0)
TBF result, n (%)
Positive	51 (14.0)
Negative	286 (78.3)
Indeterminate	28 (7.7)
TBF prompting unit, n (%)	52 (14.2)
Neurology	30 (8.2)
Gastroenterology	232 (63.6)
Rheumatology	9 (2.5)
Dermatology	42 (11.5)
Other	52 (14.2)
Chronic disease, n (%)
HT	40 (11.0)
DM	32 (8.8)
Coronary artery disease	23 (6.3)
Rheumatologic disease	174 (47.7)
Obstructive lung diseases	54 (14.8)
MS	17 (4.7)
Malignancy	15 (4.1)
Hypothyroidism	16 (4.4)
Cardiac arrhythmia	7 (1.9)
IBD	35 (9.6)
CRF	11 (3.0)
Drugs used, n (%)
Biological treatments	169 (46.3)
Corticosteroid	130 (35.6)
COVID-19 status, n (%)
Passed (PCR positive)	46 (11.5)
Severity of patients with COVID-19, n (%)
Outpatient treatment	32 (69.6)
Treatment in the hospital	14 (30.4)
Total length of hospital stay, n (%)
1–5 days	5 (35.7)
6–10 days	6 (42.9)
>10 days	3 (21.4)
Treatment of 46 patients with COVID-19, n (%)
Follow-up without treatment	11 (23.9)
Favipiravir	23 (50.0)
Plaquenil	6 (13.0)
Favipiravir + plaquenil	5 (10.9)
Anticoagulant	9 (19.5)
Antibiotic	2 (4.2)
Oxygen support	1 (2.2)
Unknown	1 (2.2)
COVID-19 vaccine status, n (%)
Not vaccinated	315 (86.3)
Vaccinated	50 (13.7)
Reason for not being vaccinated, n (%)
Due to the age limit for indication	304 (96.5)
He/she refused to be vaccinated	11 (3.5)

TBF: Standard E TB-Feron ELISA (TBF) test; HT: hypertension; DM: diabetes mellitus; MS: multiple sclerosis; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; CRF: chronic renal failure.