The Relationship between Pre-Pandemic Interferon Gamma Release Assay Test Results and COVID-19 Infection: Potential Prognostic Value of Indeterminate IFN-γ Release Assay Results
Table 3
Comparison of groups according to TBF test results.
Parameters
TBF positive (n = 51)
TBF negative (n = 286)
TBF indeterminate (n = 28)
Sex, n (%)
Male
36 (70.6)
123 (43.0)
16 (57.1)
0.001
Female
15 (29.4)
163 (57.0)
12 (42.9)
Age (year), n (%)
<30
3 (5.9)
87 (30.4)
7 (25.0)
≤0.001
31–50
18 (35.3)
131 (45.8)
11 (39.3)
>50
30 (58.8)
68 (23.8)
10 (35.7)
Body mass index, (kg/m2), n (%)
Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2)
2 (3.9)
41 (14.3)
6 (21.4)
0.124
Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2)
15 (29.4)
109 (38.1)
8 (28.6)
Overweight (24.5–29.9 kg/m2)
20 (39.2)
75 (26.3)
9 (32.1)
Obese (>30 kg/m2)
14 (27.5)
61 (21.3)
5 (17.9)
Smoking
Never smoker, n (%)
26 (51.0)
166 (58.0)
13 (46.4)
0.124
Former smoker, n (%)
13 (25.5)
40 (14.0)
8 (28.6)
Current smoker, n (%)
12 (23.5)
80 (28.0)
7 (25.0)
Smoking amount (pack-year), n (%)
0
26 (51.0)
166 (58.0)
13 (46.4)
0.003
1–10
2 (3.9)
54 (18.9)
4 (14.3)
11–20
10 (19.6)
42 (14.7)
6 (21.4)
>20
13 (25.5)
24 (18.4)
5 (17.9)
TB pass, n (%)
Yes
6 (11.8)
3 (1.0)
3 (10.7)
≤0.001
No
45 (88.2)
283 (99.0)
25 (89.3)
TB subgroup, n (%)
Lung TB
3 (50.0)
0 (00.0)
2 (66.7)
0.138
Extrapulmonary TB
3 (50.0)
1 (33.3)
0 (00.0)
Unknown
0 (00.0)
2 (66.7)
1 (33.3)
Chronic disease n (%)
HT
11 (21.6)
24 (8.4)
5 (17.9)
0.010
DM
4 (7.8)
23 (8.0)
5 (17.9)
0.209
Rheumatologic disease
27 (52.9)
137 (47.9)
10 (35.7)
0.336
Coronary artery disease
4 (7.8)
18 (6.3)
1 (3.6)
0.756
Obstructive lung diseases
4 (7.8)
18 (6.3)
1 (3.6)
0.231
MS
2 (3.9)
12 (4.2)
3 (10.7)
0.285
Malignancy
1 (2.0)
11 (3.8)
3 (0.7)
0.154
Hypothyroidism
2 (3.9)
12 (4.2)
2 (7.1)
0.756
Cardiac arrhythmia
1 (2.0)
5 (1.7)
1 (3.6)
0.798
IBD
6 (11.8)
26 (9.1)
3 (10.7)
0.818
CRF
2 (3.9)
5 (1.7)
4 (14.3)
0.001
Drugs used, n (%)
Biological treatments
23 (45.1)
137 (47.9)
9 (32.1)
0.275
Corticosteroid
16 (31.4)
105 (36.7)
9 (32.1)
0.705
COVID-19 status, n (%)
Passed (PCR positive)
6 (11.8)
31 (10.8)
9 (32.1)
0.005
Weight of patients with COVID-19, n (%)
Outpatient treatment
4 (66.7)
22 (71.0)
6 (66.7)
0.950
Treatment in the hospital
2 (33.3)
9 (29.0)
3 (33.3)
Intensive care treatment
0 (00.0)
0 (00.0)
0 (00.0)
COVID-19 vaccine status, n (%)
Done
10 (19.6)
37 (12.9)
3 (10.7)
0.395
Not done
41 (80.4)
249 (87.1)
25 (89.3)
CRF: chronic renal failure; DM: diabetes mellitus; HT: hypertension; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; MS: multiple sclerosis; TBF: Standard ETB-Feron ELISA (TBF) test. value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Values below 0.05 are in bold and indicate statistically significant differences between two categories.
