Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Patients with Hypertension

Table 2

Laboratory and radiographical findings of 282 patients with COVID-19 on admission.

Clinical characteristics	All (n = 282)	Nonhypertension (n = 141)	Hypertension (n = 141)	value
Laboratory findings, median (IQR)
White blood cell count, ×10^9/L	5.80 (4.50–7.00)	5.40 (4.10–6.80)	6.2 (5.2–7.8)	<0.001
Neutrophil count, ×10^9/L	3.79 (2.80–5.28)	3.28 (2.37–4.95)	4.42 (3.11–5.89)	<0.001
Monocyte count, ×10^9/L	0.44 (0.33–0.57)	0.42 (0.32–0.57)	0.45 (0.35–0.57)	0.746
Lymphocyte count, ×10^9/L	1.18 (0.84–1.65)	1.23 (0.91–1.65)	1.15 (0.77–1.64)	0.219
Haemoglobin, g/L (mean ± SD)	124.00 (113.00–133.00)	123.50 (112.00–131.00)	124 (114–135)	0.214
Platelet count, ×10^9/L	254.65 (160.31–348.99)	262.47 (173.25–351.69)	246.73 (147.77–345.69)	0.165
Eosinophil count, ×10^9/L	0.07 (0.03–0.12)	0.06 (0.03–0.11)	0.07 (0.01–0.12)	0.856
Basophils count, 10^9/L	0.01 (0.01–0.02)	0.01 (0.01–0.02)	0.01 (0.01–0.02)	0.772
C-reactive protein, mg/L	6.03 (1.99–36.53)	5.19 (1.72–18.85)	8.2 (2.62–46.32)	0.067
IL-6, pg/ml	4.91 (2.38–15.62)	5.69 (2.62–96.88)	4.82 (2.38–1.64)	0.534
PCT, ng/ml	0.05 (0.03–0.20)	0.05 (0.03–0.07)	0.06 (0.03–0.41)	0.438
ALT, IU/L^a	25.35 (17.18–42.45)	25.2 (17.75–39.25)	25.6 (16.75–48.25)	0.836
AST, IU/L	22.50 (16.8–31.65)	21.9 (16.25–28.43)	23.4 (17.5–36.0)	0.135
Albumin, g/L	34.86 (30.85–38.87)	35.17 (31.52–38.82)	34.53 (30.19–38.87)	0.2
Total bilirubin, umol/L^a	62.59 (56.12–69.06)	62.62 (56.13–69.11)	62.56 (56.09–69.03)	0.947
γ-Glutamyltransferase, IU/L	28.90 (20.20–57.00)	27.9 (18.7–44.0)	32.8 (20.5–67.40	0.107
ALP, IU/L^a	71.50 (58.20–91.50)	68.1 (56.73–83.55)	74.6 (60.25–96.2)	0.019
Creatine kinase, IU/L	46.80 (33.65–71.70)	49.3 (33.6–71.30	44.6 (33.58–73.4)	0.919
LDH, IU/L	206.90 (174.25–273.50)	198.95 (171.88–257.70)	214.6 (178.6–288.55)	0.302
CK-MB, IU/L	9.00 (7.30–12.90)	8.70 (7.25–12.45)	9.4 (7.3–13.2)	0.35
Myoglobin, ng/ml	10.23 (4.87–20.77))	9.67 (4.97–21.98)	11.56 (4.81–20.32)	0.652
Hypersensitive troponin I, ng/ml	0.01 (0.01–0.02)	0.01 (0.01–0.18)	0.01 (0.01–0.02)	0.729
BNP, pg/ml	12.9 (0.01–62.59)	0.01 (0.01–43.35)	20.4 (0.01–66.24)	0.065
Creatinine, umol/L^a	67.20 (56.70–79.95)	64.60 (55.10–74.50)	68.1 (57.65–88.78)	0.013
Urea nitrogen, mmol/L^a	4.78 (3.96–5.90)	4.64 (3.82–5.43)	5.12 (4.08–6.6)	0.003
UA (uric acid), umol/L^a	269.00 (209.00–328.00)	255.5 (209.0–293.75)	286 (208–344.5)	0.034
D-dimer, mg/L	0.69 (0.37–1.79)	0.79 (0.34–2.50)	0.69 (0.38–1.64)	0.823
PT, s	12.84 (12.2–13.70)	13.02 (12.27–13.64)	12.79 (12.12–13.93)	0.931
Electrolyte, mmol/L
Na^+a	141.60 (139.20–143.40)	141.4 (138.65–143.40)	141.7 (139.35–143.33)	0.726
Cl^−a	105.20 (102.75–107.48)	105.5 (103.58–107.63)	104.85 (102.48–107.3)_	0.268
K^+	4.33 (3.98–4.65)	4.4 (4.1–4.77)	4.2 (3.83–4.57)	0.002
Ca^2−	2.09 (2.00–2.16)	2.11 (2.02–2.17)	2.07 (1.99–2.16)	0.154
Radiographic findings
Ground-glass opacity	209 (74.1)	90 (63.8)	119 (84.4)	<0.001
Consolidation	18 (6.4)	3 (2.1)	15 (10.6)	0.004
Mottling opacity	205 (72.7)	78 (55.3)	127 (90.1)	<0.001
Bilateral	271 (96.1)	136 (96.5)	135 (95.7)	0.756
Unilateral	8 (2.8)	3 (2.1)	5 (3.6)	0.727
Unknown	1 (0.4)	1 (0.4)	0
Normal	2 (0.7)	1 (0.7)	1 (0.7)
Percentage of PIV, median (IQR), %	5.10 (1.30–12.10)	4.55 (1.15–11.78)	5.8 (1.3–12.3)	0.017

^aMean±SD. IQR: interquartile range; IL-6: interleukin-6; PCT: procalcitonin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; PT: prothrombin time; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CK-MB: creatine kinase isoenzyme; UA: uric acid; Na⁺: sodium ion; CL⁻: chloride ion; K⁺: potassium ion; Ca²⁺: calcium ion; PIV: pulmonary infection volume.