Potential Predictors of Poor Prognosis among Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Center Study
Table 3
Median survival and 95% confidence interval (CI) by demographics, clinical data, and laboratory tests.
Median survival time
95% CI
value†
Age (years)
20–39
22
12–32
0.001
≥60
10
7–13
Sex
Female
8
6–10
0.002
Male
17
13–21
Diabetes
Yes
11
6–16
0.017
No
16
11–21
Renal failure
Yes
17
6–28
0.563
No
14
11–17
Pulmonary disease
Yes
12
9–15
0.925
No
22
14–30
Heart disease
Yes
13
10–16
0.793
No
17
11–23
Ferritin
Normal
13
1–39
0.925
Increased
15
12–18
D-dimer
Normal
—
—
—
Increased
14
11–17
AST
Normal
30
16–44
<0.001
Increased
11
9–13
ALT
Normal
13
10–16
0.218
Increased
19
10–28
ALP
Decreased
14
11–17
—
Normal
—
—
Total protein
Decreased
11
8–14
<0.001
Normal
19
13–25
Bilirubin total
Normal
18
14–22
0.075
Increased
12
10–14
Bilirubin nonconjugated
Normal
36
20–52
<0.001
Increased
12
10–14
Creatinine
Normal
31
24–38
<0.001
Increased
10
8–12
BUN
Normal
36
26–46
<0.001
Increased
11
9–13
CRP
Normal
14
10–18
0.484
Increased
13
10–16
RBCs
Decreased
13
10–16
0.091
Normal
30
2–58
Hb
Decreased
12
9–15
—
Normal
30
—
Neutrophils
Normal
36
24–48
<0.001
Increased
11
9–13
Eosinophils
Decreased
10
8–12
<0.001
Normal
30
22–38
Basophils
Decreased
12
10–14
0.015
Increased
17
7–27
Monocytes
Decreased
10
7–13
<0.001
Normal
17
10–24
Lymphocytes
Decreased
12
9–15
<0.001
Normal
36
1–75
†Associated p value with the log rank test. Symbol “—” indicates value that cannot be calculated due to low number of events (death). Survival time calculated in days. BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CRP: C-reactive protein; Hb: hemoglobin; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase.
