Research Article
Predictive Immunological, Virological, and Routine Laboratory Markers for Critical COVID-19 on Admission
Table 3
Comparison of cytokine levels on admission in mild, severe, and critical COVID-19 (median and IQR).
| | | Mild, n = 41 | Severe, n = 31 | Critical, n = 38 | value |
| | IL-6 | 28.0 (13.0–76.0) | 36.0 (18.0–87.0) | 218.5 (47.6–819.7) | < 0.001 | | IL-10 | 0.0 (0.0–14.2) | 4.1 (0.0–36.5) | 63.1 (21.5–112.9) | < 0.001 | | sIL-2rα (sCD25) | 519 (364.2–768.0) | 701 (474.0–795.0) | 972 (579.0–1338.0) | = .012 | | IFN | 5.1 (1.4–13.0) | 11.7 (1.6–39.7) | 13.9 (3.1–33.7) | n.s. | | IL1β | 2.9 (0.9–2.0) | 7.9 (1.3–12.3) | 11.2 (5.1–18.5) | = 0.001 | | IL-1Ra | 47.7 (24.6–96.5) | 54.8 (32.0–125.4) | 104.5 (49.3–333.0) | = 0.001 | | IL-8 | 42.8 (14.5–93.9) | 51.5 (20.5–116.2) | 49.7 (21.7–109.4) | n.s. | | IL-17A | 0.0 (0.0–2.7) | 0.0 (0.0–3.8) | 0.0 (0.0–9.17) | n.s. | | IL-18 | 51.0 (17.9–92.4) | 46.8 (32.8–93.9) | 181.8 (87.3–307.5) | < 0.001 | | IL-22 | (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–72.1) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | n.s. | | TNF | 31.8 (19.4–54.9) | 37.7 (22.7–63.3) | 50 .7 (35.7–79.3) | n.s. |
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Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IFN, interferon; IL-1Ra, IL-1 receptor antagonist; n.s., not significant; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; sIL-2rα, serum IL-2 receptor alpha (sCD25).
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