Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Traditional Antimalarial and Antidengue Plants: A Mechanistic Perspective

Table 3

Antiplasmodial activity of isolated compounds from medicinal plant extracts against P. falciparum.

Constituents	Botanical name	Antimalarial activity IC50 in μg/ml (^a) or μM (^b)	Compound structure	References
Anonaine (7)	Goniothalamus australis	7.0 μM (3D7)		[77]
Stephanine (1) and pseudopalmatine (8)	Stephania rotunda	1.3 and 1.0 μg/mL (W2)		[78]
Catechin-[5,6-e]-4b-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)dihydro-2(3H)-pyranone (3)	Flacourtia indica	1.1 and > 5 μg/mL (3D7 and K1)		[79]
Ergosta-4,6,8,22-tetraene-3-one (4)	Cornus florida	61.0 μM (D10)		[80]
Methylenebissantin (1)	Dodonaea viscosa	91.13 μM		[81]
Sesquiterpene lactone de hydrobrachylaenolide	Dicoma anomala	1.865 and 4.095 μM (D10 and K1)		[82]
2,3,6-Trihydroxy benzoic acid and 2,3,6-trihydroxy methyl benzoate	Sorindeia juglandifolia	16.5 and 13.0 μM (W2) ED50 44.9 and 42.2 mg/kg (^B)		[83]
Strychnochrysine	Strychnos nux-vomica	4.9 and 6.0 μM (3D7 and W2)		[84]
11α-Hydroxymuzigadiolide	Warburgia ugandensis	6.40^b (3D7)		[85]
Dimethylisoborreverine	Flindersia amboinensis	0.22^a (3D7),		[86]
		0.02^a (FCR3),
		0.81^a (HB3),
		0.06^a (K1)
Otogirin	Hypericum erectum	>50^b (D10)		[87]
Otogirone	H. erectum	5.6^b (D10)		[87]
Erectquione A	H. erectum	11.2^b (D10)		[87]
Erectquione B	H. erectum	7.2^b (D10)		[87]
Erectquione C	H. erectum	13.2^b (D10)		[87]
(+)-4′-Decanoyl-cis-khellactone	Agelica purpuraefolia	1.5^b (D10)		[88]
(+)-3′-Decanoyl-cis- khellactone	A. purpuraefolia	2.4^b (D10)		[88]
(+)-3-Acetylaltholactone	Goniothalamus laoticus	2.6^a (K1)		[89]
(−)-Nordicentrine	G. laoticus	0.3^a (K1)		[89]
Dalparvone	Dalbergia parviflora	8.19^a (K1)		[90]
2-Isopropenyl-6-acetyl-8-methoxy-1, 3-benzodioxin-4-one	Carpesium divaricatum	2.3 ± 0.3^b (D10)		[91]
Oleifolisides A: R1 = α-arabinose, R2 = β-xylose and Oleifolisides B: R1 = β-arabinose, R2 = β-xylose	Dendropanax morbifera	24.4^b (D10)		[92]
		6.2^b (D10)
Dendropanoxide	D. morbifera	5.3^b (D10)		[92]
Atisinium chloride	Aconitum chryseum	4.0^b (TM4)		[93]
		3.6^b (K1)
Norushinsunine	Liriodendron tulipifera	29.6^a (D10)		[94]
Norglaucine	L. tulipifera	22.0^a (D10)		[94]
Oxoglaucine	L. tulipifera	9.1^a (D10)		[94]
Peroxyferolide	L. tulipifera	6.2^a (D10)		[94]
Lipiferolide	L. tulipifera	1.8^a (D10)		[94]

Note. Chloroquine, sensitive strains, 3D7, D10, FSG, and TM4; chloroquine, resistant strains, K1 and FCR3; pyrimethamine, resistant strains, K1 and HB3.