Multimodal Imaging Nanoparticles Derived from Hyaluronic Acid for Integrated Preoperative and Intraoperative Cancer Imaging

Figure 6

Integrated preoperative magnetic resonance imaging with intraoperative fluorescence image-guided surgery using a breast cancer xenograft model. (a) Preinjection image of mouse bearing breast cancer xenograft tumor denoted by yellow arrow. (b) Region of interest (tumor, yellow arrow) 24 h after IV injection of SAMINs (0.005 mmol/kg Gd³⁺; 0.5 µmol/kg Cy7.5). (c) Change in relaxivity () and change in normalized to injected dose (d) after injection with Magnevist or SAMINS (for SAMINS, ; for Magnevist, ; denotes ; denotes ; ns denotes nonsignificant difference). ((e)–(h)) Fluorescence-guided surgery using SAMINs (laser excitation point denoted by yellow cross). (e) Excitation of tissue away from tumor indicates minimal signal, whereas (f) excitation of tumor shows strong NIR fluorescence signal due to SAMIN deposition in tumor. (g) Removed tumor was confirmed as well as the source of contrast enhancement, while (h) shows excitation of area from which the tumor removed is no longer fluorescent. The insets in (g), (h) show the NIR spectral response when the laser is direct on and off the contrast-enhanced areas, respectively.

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