The Place of PET to Assess New Therapeutic Effectiveness in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Table 1
Glucose metabolism imaging approach to assess therapeutic effectiveness.
Disorder
Physiopathological approach
Radioligand
Population
Therapeutical class
Main findings
References
HD
Glucose metabolism
18F-FDG
11 riluzole-treated HD patients versus 12 untreated HD patients
Riluzole (benzothiazole)
Placebo-treated patients showed significantly greater proportional volume loss of grey matter and decrease in metabolic FDG uptake than patients treated with riluzole in all cortical areas ().
Broad regions where glucose uptake decreased suggesting a relative decrease in metabolism (consistent with regions of reduced metabolism in individuals with AD). Nonapparent effect of r-pramipexole on brain regional glucose uptake.
12 months treatment rosiglitazone versus placebo in 80 mild-to-moderate AD patients
Rosiglitazone (PPAR agonist)
Rosiglitazone is associated with an early increase in whole brain glucose metabolism but not with any biological or clinical evidence for slowing progression over a 1 year follow up in the symptomatic stages of AD.
12 patients with advanced PD were assessed before and after 6 months of add-on apomorphine
Apomorphine
Significant metabolic changes were observed, with overall increases in the right fusiform gyrus and hippocampus, alongside a decrease in the left middle frontal gyrus. Consistent correlations between significant changes in clinical scores and metabolism were established.
Glucose metabolism in responders was significantly increased after treatment in the left precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, and left paracentral lobule and significantly decreased in the left hypothalamus.
Individuals treated with olanzapine showed increased relative metabolic rates in the frontal lobe more than the occipital lobe while patients treated with haloperidol failed to show increase in frontal metabolic rates and did not show an anteroposterior gradient in medication response.