Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging

Research Article

Distinguishing Lymphomatous and Cancerous Lymph Nodes in 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography by Radiomics Analysis

Table 4

Prediction models of each predictive variable in all discernment test groups.
Predictive variableModels
LLN versus CLN
CT predictive variable−3.22 × 10−2 CTvalue_min_CT-3.88 × 102HISTO_Entropy_log10_CT + 1.23 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log2_CT-4.07 GLCM_Entropy_log10_CT −2.20GLCM_Entropy_log2_CT + 8.74 × 10−3GLZLM_ZLNU_CT + 1.53 × 10−1
PET predictive variable6.47 × 10−2FDGuptake_TLG (ml)_PET-1.87 × 101NGLDM_Coarseness_PET −1.16 × 10−5 GLZLM_LZHGE_PET + 1.29SHAPE_Volume (mL)_PET −1.53 × 10−2 SHAPE_Volume (vx)_PET-1.02 × 10−1 GLRLM_RLNU_PET + 1.58
Combination of PET and CT predictive variables−2.37 × 10−2 CTvalue_min_CT-2.54 × 102HISTO_Entropy_log10_CT + 9.05 × 101 HISTO_Entropy_log2_CT-5.86 × 101 GLCM_Entropy_log10_CT + 9.97 GLCM_Entropy_log2_CT + 4.49 × 10−4 GLZLM_ZLNU_CT + 4.37 × 10−3 FDGuptake_TLG (ml)_PET-2.00 × 101 NGLDM_Coarseness_PET +2.20 × 10−4GLZLM_LZHGE_PET-1.97 SHAPE_Volume (mL)_PET +1.24 × 10−1SHAPE_Volume (vx)_PET + 1.15 × 10−4GLRLM_RLNU_PET + 2.65
HLLN versus CLN
CT predictive variable5.40 × 10−2CTvalue_min_CT + 8.37 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log10_CT −2.54 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log2_CT + 1.71 × 101 HISTO_Energy_CT +1.69 × 101 GLCM_Entropy_log10_CT-3.83GLCM_Entropy_log2_CT-4.16
PET predictive variable−1.77 × 10−2 FDGuptake_TLG (ml)_PET + 1.91 × 101GLCM_Energy_PET +8.07 × 101 GLCM_Entropy_log10_PET-2.42 × 101 GLCM_Entropy_log2_PET +1.31NGLDM_Coarseness_PET-4.01 × 10−4GLZLM_LZHGE_PET + 5.93 × 10−1
Combination of PET and CT predictive variables4.25 × 10−2CTvalue_min_CT + 7.43 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log10_CT −2.24 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log2_CT + 3.40 × 101 HISTO_Energy_CT −7.52 × 101GLCM_Entropy_log10_CT + 2.42 × 101GLCM_Entropy_log2_CT −2.28 × 10−2FDGuptake_TLG (ml)_PET + 3.17 × 101GLCM_Energy_PET +3.26 × 101GLCM_Entropy_log10_PET-9.08GLCM_Entropy_log2_PET +6.95 × 10−1NGLDM_Coarseness_PET-4.50 × 10−4GLZLM_LZHGE_PET-1.84 × 101
NHLLN versus CLN
CT predictive variable−2.41 × 10−2 CTvalue_min_CT + 2.17 × 10−2 CTValue_std_CT −3.83 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log10_CT + 1.23 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log2_CT +2.44 × 101 HISTO_Energy_CT-3.77GLCM_Entropy_log10_CT-1.86 × 101
PET predictive variable6.63 × 10−2FDGuptake_TLG (ml)_PET-1.29 × 10 + 01NGLDM_Coarseness_PET −3.03SHAPE_Volume (mL)_PET+2.33 × 10−1SHAPE_Volume (vx)_PET +3.37 × 10−1SHAPE_Compacity_PET-7.15 × 10−2 GLRLM_RLNU_PET + 8.32 × 10−1
Combination of PET and CT predictive variables−7.41 × 10−3CTvalue_min_CT-1.21 × 10−1CTValue_std_CT −3.85 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log10_CT + 1.40 × 102 HISTO_Entropy_log2_CT +2.55 × 101 HISTO_Energy_CT-3.24 × 101 GLCM_Entropy_log10_CT +5.13 × 10−2 FDGuptake_TLG (ml)_PET-1.19 × 10 + 01NGLDM_Coarseness_PET −2.03SHAPE_Volume (mL)_PET + 1.59 × 10−1SHAPE_Volume (vx)_PET +4.78SHAPE_Compacity_PET-6.81 × 10−2GLRLM_RLNU_PET-2.07 × 101
HLLN versus NHLLN
CT predictive variable−3.54 × 10−2age-2.33 × 10−2 HISTO_Kurtosis_CT-4.09NGLDM_Contrast_CT −9.06GLCM_Homogeneity_CT + 2.13 × 10−1 HISTO_Skewness_CT-1.10GLCM_Energy_CT + 6.26
PET predictive variable−2.39 × 10−2age-5.64GLZLM_SZE_PET-7.10 × 10−1 FDGuptake_SUVmin_PET −9.56 × 10−4 GLZLM_SZHGE_PET-2.71GLZLM_LZLGE_PET −9.92 × 101GLRLM_LRLGE_PET + 7.29
Combination of PET and CT predictive variables−2.20 × 10−2age-2.50 × 10−2 HISTO_Kurtosis_CT-5.95NGLDM_Contrast_CT −1.87 × 101 GLCM_Homogeneity_CT + 1.93 × 10−1 HISTO_Skewness_CT +1.18 × 101 GLCM_Energy_CT-6.17GLZLM_SZE_PET-1.23 FDGuptake_SUVmin_PET −1.00 × 10−3GLZLM_SZHGE_PET-3.83GLZLM_LZLGE_PET −1.41 × 102GLRLM_LRLGE_PET+1.90 × 101
Abbreviations: AUC, Area under the ROC curve; ROC, receiver operating characteristics; LLN, lymphomatous-lymph nodes; CLN, cancerous-lymph nodes; HLLN, LLN caused by Hodgkin’s lymphoma; NHLLN, LLN caused by non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; PREct, CT-predictive variables; PREpet, PET-predictive variables, PREcombination, the combination of PET and CT predictive variables. HISTO, histogram; GLCM, gray-level co-occurrence matrix; GLRLM, gray-level run-length matrix; HGRE, high gray-level run emphasis; GLZLM, gray-level zone-length matrix; HGZE, high gray-level zone emphasis; RLNU, run-length nonuniformity; LZHGE, long-zone high gray-level emphasis; min, minimum; std, standard error; _CT, parameter extracted from the CT image; _PET, parameter extracted from the PET image.