Review Article

18F-PSMA-1007 PET in Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Basic study and patient characteristics.

AuthorsYearCountryStudy designType of BRPCa patients evaluatedNo. of BRPCa patients performing [18F] PSMA-1007 PET/CT or PET/MRIMean/median age (years)Gleason scoreMean/median PSA values before PET (ng/mL)Mean/median PSA doubling time before PET (months)

Ahmadi Bidakhvidi et al. [22]2021BelgiumRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (78%), RT (8.8%), ADT (7.3%), brachytherapy (5.1%), or HIFU (0.7%). Adjuvant RT in 22% of cases. Prior ADT in 61% of cases; ongoing ADT in 24% of cases137 (175 scans)Median (range): 70 (46–88)
Mean ± SD: 69 ± 8.8
5: 0.7%
6: 6.6%
7: 49%
8: 24%
9: 19%
NA: 0.7%
Median (range): 1.6 (0.07–429)
Mean ± SD: 11.1 ± 47.5
Median (range): 6.7 (0.8–96.9)
Mean ± SD: 9.5 ± 10.1

Dietlein et al. [23]2020GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP or RT23Mean ± SD: 67.2 ± 7.86: 9%
7: 48%
8: 13%%
9: 17%
NA: 13%
Median (range): 1.5 (0.3–27.7)
Mean ± SD: 2.9 ± 5.7
NA

Giesel et al. [24]2018GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (83%) or RT (67%)12Median (range): 70 (54–79)
Mean ± SD: 68.2 ± 7.7
6: 8%
7: 50%
8: 25%
9: 17%
Median (range): 0.6 (0.08–6.5)
Mean ± SD: 1.9 ± 2.2
NA

Giesel et al. [25]2019Germany and ChileRetrospective multicentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (26.7%), RP + ADT (29.5%) or RP + RT (43.8%); 23.9% of patients had received first-line ADT within the last 6 months before PET251Median (range): 70 (48–86)≤6: 5.2%
7: 49.8%
≥8: 33.1%
NA: 11.2%
Median (range) 1.2 (0.2–228)NA

Liu et al. [26]2020ChinaRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa after curative therapy (77.3%) or after ADT (22.7%) as initial treatment. Ongoing ADT before PET/MRI in 59.1% of cases22Median (IQR): 70.5 (63–75.8)NAMedian (IQR): 2.0 (0.9–4.7)Median (IQR): 2.1 (1.5–5.6)

Morawitz et al. [27]2021GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP23Mean ± SD: 71 ± 8.5NAMedian (range): 1.5 (0.2–7)
Mean ± SD: 1.96 ± 1.64
NA

Rahbar et al. [28]2018GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP or RT28Mean ± SD: 68.7 ± 8.17: 20%
8: 15%
9: 22.5%
10: 2.5%
NA: 40%
NANA

Rahbar et al. [29]2018GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (92%), RT (45%), ADT (27%), RP + RT (38%), or RP + RT + ADT (10%)100Median (range): 70.44 (47.36–85.82)
Mean ± SD: 68.75 ± 7.6
Median (range): 7 (5–10)
Mean ± SD: 7.5 ± 1.01
Median (range): 1.34 (0.04–41.3)
Mean ± SD: 3.36 ± 6.11
NA

Rauscher et al. [30]2020GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (76.5%) or RP + ADT (23.5%)102Median (range): 71 (51–84)6-7: 62%
7-8: 38%
Median (range): 0.87 (0.2–13.59)NA

Sachpekidis et al. [31]2020GermanyRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (52.9%), RP + RT (35.3%), hyperthermia + ADT (5.8%), or RP + RT + ADT (5.8%). No treatment at the time of scanning17Median (range): 69 (48–77)
Mean ± SD: 67.5 ± 7.3
6: 6%
7: 59%
8: 12%
10: 6%
NA: 17%
Median (range): 0.76 (0.14–4.49)
Mean ± SD: 1.27 ± 1.27
NA

Sprute et al. [32]2021Germany, Chile, and JapanRetrospective multicentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP9Median (range): 69.5 (48–78)6: 3%
7: 60%
8: 7%
9: 30%
Median (range): 1.8 (0.47–4.7)NA

Watabe et al. [33]2021JapanProspective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (39.3%), RT (32.1%) or RP + RT (28.6%)28Median (range): 67.5 (51–79)6: 18%
7: 43%
8: 14%
9: 25%
Median (range): 2.39 (0.12–39.78)NA

Witkowska-Patena et al. [34]2019PolandProspective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (80%) or RT (20%); adjuvant RT in 42.5% of cases; 25% of the patients received ADT (none of them within 6 months prior to the study)40Median (range): 68 (58–83)
Mean ± SD: 69 ± 7
Median (range): 7 (5–9)
Mean ± SD: 7.1 ± 1
Median (range): 0.7 (0.01–2.0)
Mean ± SD: 0.77 ± 0.61
NA

Witkowska-Patena et al. [35]2020PolandProspective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (80%) or RT (20%); adjuvant RT in 40% of cases; 25% of the patients received ADT (none of them within 6 months prior to the study)40Median (range): 67.5 (58–83)
Mean ± SD: 68.6 ± 6.5
Median (range): 7 (4-9)
Mean ± SD: 6.9 ± 1.2
Median (range): 0.65 (0.008–2.0)
Mean ± SD: 0.75 ± 0.6
NA

Wondergem et al. [36]2021NetherlandsRetrospective monocentricPatients with BRPCa previously treated with RP (33.3%), RT (57.1%), or brachytherapy (9.5%); ADT after RT in 9.5% of cases21NANAMedian (range): 2.4 (0.4–7.8)NA

ADT = androgen deprivation therapy; AS = active surveillance; BRPCa = biochemical recurrent prostate cancer; CHT = chemotherapy; CT = computed tomography; HIFU = high intensity focused ultrasound; IQR = interquartile range; NA = not available; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; PET = positron emission tomography; RP = radical prostatectomy; RT = radiation therapy; SD = standard deviation.