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| Method Year | Number of subjects | Measures | Stimuli | Findings | Algorithm/methodology |
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| 2017 [64] | 20 college students | EEG signals | Congruent test and incongruent test | The students with higher stress levels have seemed to be affected by the impact of music and the mean beta absolute power ratio increased by 0.246 | Mean beta absolute power ratio |
| 2018 [13] | 80 infants | Heart rate, oxygen saturation, and neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS) | 3 music interventions | The heart rate and pain perception are found to be reduced and oxygen saturation increases in the infants | Statistical analysis (ANOVA test) |
| 2016 [25] | 159 patients | State-trait anxiety inventory scale | Background music | Significant reduction found in the anxiety and stress level of the patients | Statistical analysis (Scheffe’s test) |
| 2018 [65] | 7 subjects | EEG signals | Music | The model prediction for the participant’s mental state has accuracy of 80% and with a small MSE loss up to 0.0882 | Deep learning |
| 2018 [63] | 15 (average age 20.5 years) | EEG signals | 15 different music | The findings during listening to music were increased in the spectral power in alpha band and decrease in high-frequency beta and gamma bands | Support vector machine |
| 2019 [66] | 15 males and 15 females, aged 20–35 years | EEG signals | 4 English music tracks of metal, rock, electronic, and rap genres | Urdu music tracks have more impact on stress reduction than English music tracks | Minimal sequential optimization, stochastic gradient descent, logistic regression, and multilayer perception |
| 5 Urdu music tracks of famous, melodious, patriotic, qawali, and ghazal genres | Females were more affected by the music than males |
| [67–69] | Disabled cancer patients | EEG signals | Music | Effect on frontal lobe | Statistical test |
| Proposed | 9 males and 9 females | EEG signals | 4 musical interventions with Hindi lyrics and varying spectral centroid characteristics | Delta band is active for male, which is a clear indication of mindful state as an impact of musical intervention for MI-1, MI-2, and MI-3∗∗∗∗ | Support vector machine |
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