In Silico Modelling of Treatment-Induced Tumour Cell Kill: Developments and Advances

Table 1

Models that simulate tumour growth and/or radiotherapy, without tumour oxygenation considerations (avascular tumours).

Model details	Objectives	Key parameters	Model outcomes
Stochastic, CELLSIM, and CELLGROW, Donaghey, 1981–1983 [1, 2]	Individual cell/cell group growth model	Phase transition probabilities, proliferation-based commands on up to 90 cell groups, contact inhibition modelled	Monolayer cell growth achieved and RT/drug therapy applied
Mathematical, O’Donoghue, 1997 [3]	Modelling exponential proliferation at small tumour sizes and Gompertzian at larger sizes	3 LQ based parameters, 2 growth related parameters and 1 radiation induced death rate parameter	The effects of RT described in terms of cure (clonogenic cell sterilization) and/or tumour regression/regrowth
Stochastic, Marcu et al., 2002–2006 [4, 5]	Modelling tumour growth and response to radiotherapy	Cell cycle specific surviving fractions (SF2) based on LQ model. Repopulation mechanisms during RT such as cell recruitment, accelerated stem cell division, and asymmetry loss in stem division	The effect of conventional and altered fractionation radiotherapy on cell survival evaluated. The contribution and likeliness of repopulation mechanisms assessed