Path-Counting Formulas for Generalized Kinship Coefficients and Condensed Identity Coefficients

Figure 21

(a) No individual who is a parent of another; (b) 𝑏 is a parent of 𝑎; (c) 𝑏 is a parent of 𝑎 and 𝑐 is an ancestor of 𝑏.

(a)

(b)

(c)