Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

Research Article

Robust and Accurate Anomaly Detection in ECG Artifacts Using Time Series Motif Discovery

Table 5

The best value, mean (μ) and standard deviation (SD) of AoD, sensitivity, positive predictive value, specificity, and false alarm results obtained by BFDD, HOT SAX, and RAAD with various overlap criteria. Bold figures denote the wining algorithms.


	AoD								Sensitivity								Positive predictive value								Specificity								False alarm rate
	BFDD			HOT SAX			RAAD		BFDD			HOT SAX			RAAD		BFDD			HOT SAX			RAAD		BFDD			HOT SAX			RAAD		BFDD			HOT SAX			RAAD
	40%	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	40%	80%	Car.	80%	Car.

MITDB	85.41	85.41	0	91.17	91.17	0	*99.10*	*99.10*	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	0	50	50	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	87.50	87.50	87.50	75	*100*	*100*	0	0	12.50	12.50	12.50	25	0	0
ITDB
Best	75.84	0	0	80.48	40.48	0	89.11	89.11	100	0	0	100	50	0	100	100	100	0	0	100	25	0	100	100	100	77.78	77.78	100	77.78	77.78	100	100	0	22.22	22.22	0	22.22	22.22	0	0
μ	74.51	0	0	71.53	20.24	0	89.11	89.11	100	0	0	100	25	0	100	100	83.34	0	0	75	12.50	0	100	100	94.45	72.23	72.23	88.89	72.23	66.67	100	100	5.56	27.78	27.78	11.11	27.78	33.33	0	0
SD	1.32	0	0	8.95	20.24	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	16.67	0	0	25	12.50	0	0	0	5.56	5.56	5.56	11.11	5.56	11.11	0	0	5.56	5.56	5.56	11.11	5.56	11.11	0	0
ITDB
Best	73.19	0	0	87.88	87.88	0	89.11	89.11	100	0	0	100	100	0	100	100	100	0	0	100	100	0	100	100	100	77.78	77.78	100	100	77.78	100	100	0	22.22	22.22	0	0	22.22	0	0
μ	70	0	0	79.74	65.71	0	89.11	89.11	100	0	0	100	75	0	100	100	83.34	0	0	100	75	0	100	100	94.45	72.23	72.23	100	94.44	77.78	100	100	5.56	27.78	27.78	0	5.56	22.22	0	0
SD	3.19	0	0	8.14	2.17	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	16.67	0	0	0	25	0	0	0	5.56	5.56	5.56	0	5.56	0	0	0	5.56	5.56	5.56	0	5.56	0	0	0
INCART DB02
Best	89.79	89.79	0	79.67	60.95	0	*96.13*	*96.13*	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	66.67	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	0	75	25	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	72.73	90.91	72.73	63.64	*100*	*100*	0	0	27.27	9.09	27.27	36.36	0	0
μ	79.21	60.90	0	64.44	27.36	0	*96.13*	*96.13*	97.22	69.44	0	91.67	30.55	0	*100*	*100*	71.34	52.51	0	47.84	15.30	0	*100*	*100*	83.34	75.76	56.82	69.70	53.03	44.70	*100*	*100*	16.67	24.24	43.18	30.30	46.97	55.31	0	0
SD	10.19	25.18	0	11.62	15.01	0	0	0	9.21	28.73	0	14.43	16.43	0	0	0	26.92	31.75	0	13.79	7.75	0	0	0	17.34	19.75	17.06	14.05	12.77	14.11	0	0	17.34	19.76	17.06	14.05	12.77	14.11	0	0
INCART DB02
Best	89.79	89.79	0	91.67	91.67	0	*96.13*	*96.13*	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	0	60	50	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	72.73	81.82	72.73	63.64	*100*	*100*	0	0	27.27	18.18	27.27	36.36	0	0
μ	80.78	60.69	0	59.45	20.12	0	*96.13*	*96.13*	*100*	69.44	0	86.11	22.22	0	*100*	*100*	72.80	54.70	0	43.50	11.46	0	*100*	*100*	84.85	76.52	57.58	68.18	50.76	44.70	*100*	*100*	15.15	23.48	42.42	31.82	49.25	55.30	0	0
SD	6.60	25.31	0	15.97	25.89	0	0	0	0	28.73	0	16.43	28.33	0	0	0	24.57	35.29	0	9.49	14.55	0	0	0	15	20.48	15	10.16	13.10	10.14	0	0	15	20.48	15	10.17	13.10	10.14	0	0
INCART DB03
Best	83.11	83.11	0	76.55	40.64	23.56	95.44	95.44	100	100	0	100	50	25	100	100	100	75	0	100	22.22	14.29	100	100	100	90	60	100	60	60	100	100	0	10	40	0	40	40	0	0
μ	78.70	45.73	0	55.58	14.74	3.93	95.44	95.44	100	54.17	0	83.33	16.67	4.17	100	100	66.98	36.27	0	50.12	8.63	2.12	100	100	75	56.67	35	63.33	36.67	31.67	100	100	25	43.33	65	36.67	63.33	68.33	0	0
SD	3.79	18.52	0	13.11	13.36	8.78	0	0	0	22.44	0	15.59	15.59	9.32	0	0	20.95	17.76	0	17.07	7.76	4.78	0	0	17.08	18.86	17.08	14.91	11.79	14.04	0	0	17.08	18.86	17.08	14.91	11.79	14.04	0	0
INCART DB03
Best	83.44	83.44	0	70.43	66.42	25	95.44	95.44	100	100	0	100	75	25	100	100	100	60	0	80	37.50	12.50	100	100	100	80	60	90	60	50	100	100	0	20	40	10	40	50	0	0
μ	78.54	49.28	0	54.01	17.28	2.08	95.44	95.44	100	58.33	0	77.08	18.75	2.08	100	100	63.93	37.38	0	44.93	10.51	1.04	100	100	74.17	57.50	34.17	57.50	34.17	27.50	100	100	25.83	42.50	65.83	42.50	65.83	72.50	0	0
SD	4.31	17.33	0	9.42	18.60	6.91	0	0	0	21.24	0	16	20.73	6.91	0	0	15.43	15.02	0	17.95	11.08	3.45	0	0	13.82	16.39	13.82	17.85	14.98	12.99	0	0	13.82	16.39	13.82	17.85	14.98	12.99	0	0
INCART DB03
Best	93.22	93.22	0	86.56	69.61	0	95.44	95.44	100	100	0	100	75	0	100	100	100	60	0	57.14	37.50	0	100	100	100	80	60	70	50	40	100	100	0	20	40	30	50	60	0	0
μ	79.73	64.92	0	59.36	31.93	0	95.44	95.44	95.83	75	0	79.17	35.42	0	100	100	58.35	42.93	0	42.26	18.95	0	100	100	67.50	59.17	29.17	56.67	39.17	25	100	100	32.50	40.83	70.83	43.33	60.83	75	0	0
SD	8.27	19.44	0	17.60	17.56	0	0	0	9.32	22.82	0	19.98	18.98	0	0	0	18.51	9.79	0	10.55	9.73	0	0	0	18.31	13.20	18	8.50	9.54	6.45	0	0	18.31	13.20	18.01	8.50	9.54	6.45	0	0
INCART DB04
Best	86.70	86.70	0	69.46	0	0	*95.07*	*95.07*	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	0	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	0	*100*	0	0	*100*	*100*	*100*	*100*	92.86	*100*	92.86	92.86	*100*	*100*	0	0	7.14	0	7.14	7.14	0	0
μ	72.70	35.55	0	48.03	0	0	*95.07*	*95.07*	*100*	41.67	0	83.33	0	0	*100*	*100*	52.18	28.06	0	56.94	0	0	*100*	*100*	77.98	73.81	70.84	91.67	85.71	85.71	*100*	*100*	22.02	26.19	29.17	8.33	14.29	14.29	0	0
SD	11.42	42.07	0	21.99	0	0	0	0	0	49.30	0	37.27	0	0	0	0	40.78	42.06	0	39.21	0	0	0	0	21.52	23.02	21.52	8.16	7.72	7.72	0	0	21.52	23.02	21.52	8.16	7.72	7.72	0	0
INCART DB05
Best	100	100	0	94.78	94.78	0	86.96	0	100	100	0	100	100	0	100	0	100	100	0	50	25	0	50	0	100	100	90	90	90	90	90	80	0	0	10	10	10	10	10	20
μ	64.34	41.90	0	43.08	16.52	0	86.96	0	81.81	45.45	0	63.64	18.18	0	100	0	20.84	14.77	0	21.82	4.09	0	50	0	50	46.36	41.81	70.91	66.36	64.55	90	80	50	53.64	58.18	29.09	33.64	35.45	10	20
SD	33.78	46.04	0	34.75	35.08	0	0	0	38.57	49.79	0	48.10	85.57	0	0	0	25.89	27.94	0	19.80	8.74	0	0	0	18.58	19.67	18	16.76	14.94	15.59	0	0	18.59	19.67	17.92	16.76	14.94	15.59	0	0