Evaluation of Round Window Stimulation Performance in Otosclerosis Using Finite Element Modeling

Table 2

Material properties of the middle ear components.

Structure	Young’s modulus (N/m^2)	Density (kg/m^3)
Eardrum
Pars flaccida	1.00 × 10^7	1.20 × 10^3
Pars tensa	3.20 × 10^7	1.20 × 10^3
Ossicles
Malleus
Head	1.41 × 10^10	2.55 × 10^3
Neck	1.41 × 10^10	4.53 × 10^3
Handle	1.41 × 10^10	3.70 × 10^3
Incus
Body	1.41 × 10^10	2.36 × 10^3
Short process	1.41 × 10^10	2.26 × 10^3
Long process	1.41 × 10^10	5.08 × 10^3
Stapes	1.41 × 10^10	2.20 × 10^3
Joint
Incudomalleolar joint	1.41 × 10^10	2.39 × 10^3
Incudostapedial joint	4.00 × 10^6	1.20 × 10^3
Ligament/tendon
Tympanic annulus ligament	4.00 × 10^5	1.20 × 10^3
Superior mallear ligament	4.90 × 10^6	1.20 × 10^3
Lateral mallear ligament	6.70 × 10^6	1.20 × 10^3
Anterior mallear ligament	2.10 × 10^7	1.20 × 10^3
Superior incudal ligament	4.90 × 10^6	1.20 × 10^3
Posterior incudal ligament	6.50 × 10^6	1.20 × 10^3
Stapedial annulus ligament	4.10 × 10^5	1.20 × 10^3
Tensor tympani tendon	2.60 × 10^6	1.20 × 10^3
Stapedial tendon	5.20 × 10^5	1.20 × 10^3