K-mer-Based Motif Analysis in Insect Species across Anopheles, Drosophila, and Glossina Genera and Its Application to Species Classification

Table 3

CC statistics for 5′, 3′ UTRs and introns for k-mer lengths k = 7–9 bp between A. gambiae and Drosophila.

Comparison	Region	k	Min	Median	Mean	Max	St. dev.	n	value
Within Drosophila family^†	5′ UTR	7	0.692	0.862	0.841	0.975	0.100	21	NA
A. gambiae vs. Drosophila family	5′ UTR	7	0.623	0.734	0.722	0.774	0.050	7	5.1e−4
Within Drosophila family	3′ UTR	7	0.651	0.828	0.809	0.963	0.101	21	NA
A. gambiae vs. Drosophila family	3′ UTR	7	0.524	0.620	0.599	0.644	0.043	7	6.2e−8
Within Drosophila family^‡	Introns	7	0.759	0.894	0.895	0.996	0.058	66	NA
Within Drosophila family	5′ UTR	8	0.503	0.786	0.737	0.940	0.153	21	NA
A. gambiae vs. Drosophila family	5′ UTR	8	0.422	0.643	0.620	0.694	0.090	7	0.024
Within Drosophila family	3′ UTR	8	0.487	0.705	0.688	0.908	0.125	21	NA
A. gambiae vs. Drosophila family	3′ UTR	8	0.392	0.513	0.498	0.562	0.055	7	1.2e−5
Within Drosophila family	Introns	8	0.392	0.690	0.676	0.981	0.135	66	NA
Within Drosophila family	5′ UTR	9	0.280	0.626	0.569	0.854	0.183	21	NA
A. gambiae vs. Drosophila family	5′ UTR	9	0.201	0.453	0.431	0.512	0.104	7	0.023
Within Drosophila family	3′ UTR	9	0.334	0.526	0.524	0.795	0.122	21	NA
A. gambiae vs. Drosophila family	3′ UTR	9	0.242	0.360	0.356	0.422	0.056	7	5.9e−5
Within Drosophila family	Introns	9	0.721	0.855	0.854	0.978	0.062	66	NA

Minimum, mean, median, and maximum CC values were calculated for the 5′, 3′ UTR and intron regions of different Drosophila species compared to A. gambiae. The num[[parms resize(1),pos(50,50),size(200,200),bgcol(156)]] comparisons and the value are also included. ^†For 5′ and 3′ UTRs, the following Drosophila species were examined: D. ananassae, erecta, grimshawi, melanogaster, mojavensis, pseudoobscura, and simulans. ^‡For introns, the following Drosophila species were examined: D. ananassae, erecta, grimshawi, melanogaster, mojavensis, persimilis, pseudoobscura, sechelia, simulans, virilis, willistoni, and yakuba.