Assessment of Baroreflex Sensitivity Using Time-Frequency Analysis during Postural Change and Hypercapnia

Figure 7

Group-averaged time courses of respiratory and hemodynamic parameters and BRS estimates in (a) normocapnia and (b) hypercapnia with hypoxia. EtCO₂: mean end-tidal carbon dioxide level; RR: mean respiration rate; MAP: mean arterial blood pressure; PP: pulse pressure; HR: heart rate; LF BRS: baroreflex sensitivity in low-frequency range; HF BRS: baroreflex sensitivity in high-frequency range. Black lines: median; grey lines: first/third quartile. Figures above the plots indicate the subject’s body position and presence of rebreathing bag during each part of the measurement. Vertical lines denote approximate times of squat-stand transitions.

(a)

(b)