A Pilot Study of Parameter-Optimized Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation for the Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Viability Improvement

Table 2

BMSCs viability (%) after LIPUS stimulation with 3 min.

Voltage (V)	Frequency (MHz)
	0	0.6	0.8	1	1.2
5	100	100.57 ± 6.52	103.40 ± 5.91	105.17 ± 7.17	100.92 ± 8.18
Confidence intervals (%)	[100,100]	[97.52,103.62]	[100.63,106.16]	[101.81,108.53]	[97.09,104.74]
values	—	0.699	0.014	0.003	0.619
6	100	101.15 ± 16.08	104.81 ± 12.95	107.72 ± 14.07	100.71 ± 13.13
Confidence intervals (%)	[100,100]	[93.62,108.68]	[98.75,110.87]	[101.13,114.30]	[94.57,106.86]
values	—	0.751	0.105	0.019	0.81
7	100	102.8 ± 10.92	102.84 ± 10.81	103.94 ± 6.54	100.59 ± 7.15
Confidence intervals (%)	[100,100]	[97.69,107.91]	[97.78,107.90]	[100.88,106.10]	[97.24,103.94]
values	—	0.259	0.248	0.01	0.715
8	100	101.57 ± 7.73	102.46 ± 10.56	102.34 ± 12.14	101.48 ± 9.82
Confidence intervals (%)	[100,100]	[97.95,105.20]	[97.51,107.40]	[96.66,108.02]	[96.88,106.07]
values	—	0.368	0.305	0.394	0.505

Data presented as mean ± SD, n = 20 (, ).