Mathematical Modelling of HIV-HCV Coinfection Dynamics in Absence of Therapy

<table class="figure-group"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/cmmm/volume-2020/2106570/figures/2106570.fig.007a.svgz" name="2106570.fig.007a" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(a) </b>Graph of <svg height="13.9182pt" id="M324" style="vertical-align:-5.2823pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 24.688 13.9182" width="24.688pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M405 650H141L135 622C222 616 230 610 215 535L133 116C118 41 113 33 29 28L23 0H289L295 28C209 33 205 40 219 116L298 535C312 609 317 616 399 622L405 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.719,3.132)"><path d="M729 650H468V622C546 615 554 610 554 527V365H213V527C213 610 221 616 297 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 611 128 527V123C128 39 120 34 40 28V0H303V28C221 34 213 40 213 123V322H554V123C554 39 546 34 460 28V0H728V28C647 34 639 39 639 123V527C639 610 647 615 729 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.58,3.132)"><path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,17.68,5.233)"><path d="M575 171L539 187C508 129 487 99 455 75C428 52 383 49 332 49C294 49 252 53 238 62C219 78 215 97 223 137L297 525C313 607 315 608 403 615L413 650H142L129 615C224 608 225 606 210 525L136 132C121 53 109 49 27 39L19 0H503C521 33 562 128 575 171Z"></path></g></svg> against time when initial values of only <svg height="13.9182pt" id="M325" style="vertical-align:-5.2823pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 22.5127 13.9182" width="22.5127pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M405 650H141L135 622C222 616 230 610 215 535L133 116C118 41 113 33 29 28L23 0H289L295 28C209 33 205 40 219 116L298 535C312 609 317 616 399 622L405 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.719,3.132)"><path d="M729 650H468V622C546 615 554 610 554 527V365H213V527C213 610 221 616 297 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 611 128 527V123C128 39 120 34 40 28V0H303V28C221 34 213 40 213 123V322H554V123C554 39 546 34 460 28V0H728V28C647 34 639 39 639 123V527C639 610 647 615 729 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.58,3.132)"><path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,17.68,5.233)"><path d="M575 171L539 187C508 129 487 99 455 75C428 52 383 49 332 49C294 49 252 53 238 62C219 78 215 97 223 137L297 525C313 607 315 608 403 615L413 650H142L129 615C224 608 225 606 210 525L136 132C121 53 109 49 27 39L19 0H503C521 33 562 128 575 171Z"></path></g></svg> are varied</td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><object data="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/cmmm/volume-2020/2106570/figures/2106570.fig.007b.svgz" name="2106570.fig.007b" type="image/svg+xml"></object></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td><b>(b) </b>Graph of <svg height="13.9182pt" id="M326" style="vertical-align:-5.2823pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 22.5127 13.9182" width="22.5127pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M405 650H141L135 622C222 616 230 610 215 535L133 116C118 41 113 33 29 28L23 0H289L295 28C209 33 205 40 219 116L298 535C312 609 317 616 399 622L405 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.719,3.132)"><path d="M729 650H468V622C546 615 554 610 554 527V365H213V527C213 610 221 616 297 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 611 128 527V123C128 39 120 34 40 28V0H303V28C221 34 213 40 213 123V322H554V123C554 39 546 34 460 28V0H728V28C647 34 639 39 639 123V527C639 610 647 615 729 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.58,3.132)"><path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,17.68,5.233)"><path d="M575 171L539 187C508 129 487 99 455 75C428 52 383 49 332 49C294 49 252 53 238 62C219 78 215 97 223 137L297 525C313 607 315 608 403 615L413 650H142L129 615C224 608 225 606 210 525L136 132C121 53 109 49 27 39L19 0H503C521 33 562 128 575 171Z"></path></g></svg> against time when initial values of all variables are varied</td></tr></table>

<div>The dynamics of individuals coinfected with HIV and latent HCV, <span class="nowrap"><svg height="13.9182pt" id="M323" style="vertical-align:-5.2823pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 22.5127 13.9182" width="22.5127pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M405 650H141L135 622C222 616 230 610 215 535L133 116C118 41 113 33 29 28L23 0H289L295 28C209 33 205 40 219 116L298 535C312 609 317 616 399 622L405 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.719,3.132)"><path d="M729 650H468V622C546 615 554 610 554 527V365H213V527C213 610 221 616 297 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 611 128 527V123C128 39 120 34 40 28V0H303V28C221 34 213 40 213 123V322H554V123C554 39 546 34 460 28V0H728V28C647 34 639 39 639 123V527C639 610 647 615 729 622V650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,11.58,3.132)"><path d="M614 175C564 76 510 21 408 21C256 21 146 149 146 336C146 488 235 629 402 629C510 629 570 586 597 480L626 488C620 541 614 582 606 638C578 643 510 665 429 665C206 665 44 527 44 316C44 157 153 -15 402 -15C474 -15 558 5 586 11C604 45 629 119 643 165L614 175Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0065,0,0,-0.0065,17.68,5.233)"><path d="M575 171L539 187C508 129 487 99 455 75C428 52 383 49 332 49C294 49 252 53 238 62C219 78 215 97 223 137L297 525C313 607 315 608 403 615L413 650H142L129 615C224 608 225 606 210 525L136 132C121 53 109 49 27 39L19 0H503C521 33 562 128 575 171Z"></path></g></svg>,</span> under different initial conditions. In the long run, the number of HIV and latent HCV-coinfected individuals is the same, irrespective of the different initial conditions.</div>

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

fig7

Figure 7

Figure 7: Mathematical Modelling of HIV-HCV Coinfection Dynamics in Absence of Therapy 