An Approach to the Computation of the Euler Number by means of the Vertex Chain Code

Figure 7

Examples of the computation of the number of holes and the Euler number: (a) an example of a 2D shape, where and ; (b) an example of a binary shape with one hole, where and ; (c) an example of a shape, where and ; (d) an example of a binary shape with three holes, i.e., and .

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)