The Impact of the Declaration of the State of Emergency on the Spread of COVID-19: A Modeling Analysis

Table 1

Different stages of containing COVID-19 in Japan.

Stages	Time	Remark
1	Jan. 6 to Feb. 24 2020	Entry restrictions set for specific countries and regions [27]
2	Feb. 25 to Mar. 27 2020	Basic policy announced to containing COVID-19 spreading [26]
3	Mar. 28 to Apr. 6 2020	Basic policy modified [26]
4	Apr. 7 to Apr. 15 2020	Designated prefectures including Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Osaka, Hyogo, and Fukuoka declared a state of emergency; the basic policies changed [26]
5	Apr. 16 to May. 24 2020	The emergency state in targeted prefectures is expanded to all 47 prefectures [26]
6	May. 25 to Jun. 24 2020	Lifting of the state of emergency [26]
7	Jun. 26 to Aug. 1 2020	Promoted strategies to support children and the elderlies [28]
8	Aug. 2 to Sep. 24 2020	Strengthened testing strategies [33]
9	Sep. 25 to Nov. 1 2020	Updated the contact conforming app [32]
10	Nov. 2 to Nov. 14 2020	Put forward COVID-19 information gathering system [31]
11	Nov. 15 to Nov. 24 2020	Provided information sharing and management support [30]
12	Nov. 25, 2020 to Jan. 7 2021	Required cooperation, preventive measures, and health management in the workplace [29]
13	Jan. 8 to Jan 27 2021	Declared another state of emergency [34]